HMH Unit 6.2 Day Two

HMH Unit 6.2 Day Two

Pgs 396-399

The Sun’s Energy and Earth

• If you step outside on a sunny day, you can feel the warmth of the sun’s light. Earth’s cycles and the processes associated with them rely on the sun’s energy. 

• The sun’s energy moves outward in all directions. A tiny part of the sun’s total energy affects Earth’s spheres.

The Sun’s Energy and Earth

• At some locations, the sun's rays do not hit Earth straight on.

• They strike at an angle.

• In these places, the energy is spread out over a bigger area.

• These areas are cooler.

The Sun’s Energy and Earth

• Near the equator, the sun's rays strike Earth at a 90 degree angle.

• The energy does not spread out.

• These areas are warmer because more energy is focused on a smaller area.

• 
  

The Sun’s Energy and Earth

• The sun has an essential role in the water cycle

• Recall that evaporation occurs due to energy from the sun.

• But not all of the sun's energy that moves toward Earth strikes the Earth's surface.

The Sun’s Energy and Earth

• About 9% of the sun's energy is reflected by particles in the atmosphere; another 23% is reflected by clouds.

• 2% of the sun's energy reaches Earth's surface but then is reflected by features such as ice and snow.

• About 47% of the sun's energy is absorbed by Earth's surface. About 19% is absorbed by the atmosphere and clouds

Open Ended

What are two facts that you recall from the slides before? Answer in complete sentences.

Multiple Choice

Places where the sun's energy strikes straight on are ______ than places were the sun strikes at a lesser angle.

• warmer

• cooler

• all

• about half

• precipitation

Multiple Choice

___________ of the sun's energy is absorbed by Earth's surface.

• warmer

• cooler

• all

• about half

• precipitation

Multiple Choice

In the water cycle, the process of _______ is fueled by the sun's energy

• warmer

• cooler

• all

• evaporation

• precipitation

Where the Wind Blows

• When the sun’s energy heats Earth, it provides the energy that powers the water cycle. 

• Winds also affect the water cycle. Wind over a body of water can increase evaporation and lead to precipitation.

When the Wind Blows

• Warm air near the equator rises in the atmosphere. Cool air from areas closer to the poles flows toward the equator to fill the void left by the rising warm air.

• The movement of air is wind.

• Wind also forms because of temperature differences over land and water.

When the Wind Blows

• Land heats up and cools down more quickly than water.

• On a sunny day, air over the land warms and rises, and cooler air over the water flows inaldn, creating a "sea breeze"

• 
  

Multiple Select

Explain how winds are related to the water cycle. Choose all the statements that are true.

• Winds transport air and water vapor in the air to different locations.

• Winds have little effect on the water cycle. It’s all about clouds.

• Winds can increase evaporation from bodies of water and moist soil.

• Winds can decrease evaporation from bodies of water and moist soil.

Case Study—Rain Shadows Affect All the Spheres

You’ve learned that Earth’s spheres affect one another. Look at the images and think about how these pictures show a connection between the geosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere.

Open Ended

How does the rain shadow effect illustrate the interactions of all four of Earth's spheres? Answer in complete sentences.