End of the Civil War

End of the Civil War

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What is a casualty?

Someone who is killed, wounded or missing as a result of a war

Casualties of Americans in Wars

Open Ended

What do you think the Union did at the end of the war in order to come out victorious?

Change in Union Leadership

Lincoln appointed Ulysses S. Grant as the head of the Union army

Grant was a very ruthless general. He would not be cautious like previous generals of the Union before

Total War

The Union began to use Total War tactics. Total warfare is when the "rules" of warfare are thrown out. Civilians (non-soldiers) are attacked and the enemy's land and supplies are destroyed

Multiple Select

What were TWO things Lincoln did to help the Union win the war?

• Put Ulysses S. Grant in charge of the army

• Ended slavery in the border states

• Made an alliance with Great Britain

• Allowed the Union army to use total war tactics

• Added a new step to the Anaconda plan

Siege of Vicksburg

• Grant wanted to complete the Anaconda Plan by capturing all major southern cities along the Mississippi River

• The last major city left by 1863 was Vicksburg, Mississippi 

• Throughout the summer of 1863, the Union army put Vicksburg under siege (they surrounded the city, preventing any resources from entering.) 

Multiple Choice

Why was Vicksburg important to the Union?

• Vicksburg was a railroad hub for the Confederacy

• Vicksburg was the capitol of the Confederacy

• Once the Union controlled Vicksburg they would control the entire Mississippi River

Multiple Choice

Why was it important for the Union to control the Mississippi River?

• They could get supplies to battle faster

• They could make more money through trade

• They could cut off western states like Texas and Arkansas off from the rest of the Confederacy

• They could prevent Europeans from trading with the Confederates

Multiple Choice

What strategy did the Union use to gain control of Vicksburg?

• Guerrilla warfare

• A siege

• Allied attack

• Stealth and Secrecy

Poll

In your opinion was the Union's siege of Vicksburg justified?

• No because it harmed civilians (non-soldiers)

• Yes because in war you have to do whatever is necessary to win

• I don't agree with it but in the end it was worth it

Election of 1864

• In 1864, the country was approaching another presidential election

• Abraham Lincoln ran against former Union General, George McClellan 

• McClellan wanted to compromise with the south to bring an end to the death and suffering

• Lincoln wanted to finish the war

Election of 1864

• In order to win the election Lincoln needed to show that the Union was winning the war and that the end was in sight

• Lincoln put pressure on Ulysses S. Grant to bring him a major victory

Multiple Choice

Why did Lincoln need a major win for the Union in 1864?

• To prove the Union could win the war so he could get reelected

• To convince European countries to support the Union

• There hadn't been any major Union wins in a year so he needed it to build Union confidence

Atlanta Campaign

• Grant put General William T. Sherman in charge the Atlanta Campaign

• Sherman invaded Atlanta because it was a railroad hub. By taking this city he could cut of the south’s supply lines

Multiple Choice

Why did the Union want to capture Atlanta?

• It was the Confederate capitol

• It was where the Civil War had begun

• It was a major railroad hub for the Confederates

• It was the last remaining southern city not under Union control

Atlanta Campaign

• Sherman’s troops engaged in many battles with Confederate soldiers on the outskirts of Atlanta

• In September of 1864 the Confederates abandoned Atlanta, a city that was once a symbol for Confederate pride and strength. The Confederates set fire to the supplies they couldn't carry. Soon the city was up in flames

Multiple Choice

Was the Union successful in capturing Atlanta?

• yes

• no

What was the reason Lincoln wanted the major victory at Atlanta???

Multiple Choice

What happened after the Union captured Atlanta?

• The south immediately surrendered

• Lincoln compromised with the south to end the war

• Lincoln got elected to a second term

• The Union completed the Anaconda Plan

Sherman's March to the Sea

After leaving Atlanta, Sherman began a march from Atlanta to the Georgia coast. As his troops marched across Georgia, they used total war tactics to force the Confederates to surrender

Multiple Choice

What happened in Sherman's March to the Sea?

• The Union fought in several battles against Confederate troops

• The Union destroyed the Confederate supplies and land

• The Union met with the Confederacy to discuss the terms of their surrender

End of the War

• Ulysses S. Grant's troops fought in a series of battles near the Confederate capitol of Richmond, Virginia

• Finally, Confederate General Robert E. Lee decided to surrender to Union General Ulysses S.Grant in Appomattox Courthouse in Virginia, ending the Civil War 

Multiple Choice

How did the Civil War end?

• Confederate general Robert E. Lee surrendered to Union general Grant

• Confederate President Jefferson Davis met with President Lincoln

• The southern states each erected a white flag over their capitols

• Soldiers surrendered on the battlefield in Virginia