Qin/Han Dynasties of Ancient China

The Qin Dynasty

Overview of the Qin

• unified China after Warring States

• ruled by King Zheng (1st Emperor)

• established uniform standards for all China

• brutal control of thought/behavior

• rejected Confucianism

• accepted Legalism

Multiple Choice

Which Dynasty came directly before the Qin Dynasty?

• Shang
• Xia
• Zhou
• Han

King Zhen

• "king" was too small of title

• Declared himslef Shi Huangdi = "The First Emperor"

• unified China from Yellow to Yangtzee river

• CRUEL leader

• harsh laws helped unite empire

• ultimately led to fall

Multiple Choice

The First Emperor of China

• Liu Bang
• Shi Huangdi
• Wu Wang
• Confucius

Multiple Choice

which of these things did Shi Huangdi do ?

• destroy 5 countries

• unified all of china

• made water easily accessible

• made a new writing system

The Great Wall

• long wall running east + west along empire's northern border

• protected China from invaders

• many died while working

• prisoners/citizens forced by Hangdi to work

• begun by Shi, later emperors made stronger

Multiple Choice

What was the main reason Emperor Qin wanted the Great Wall constructed?

• To show how powerful he was

• To keep out invaders from the north

• To keep the Chinese people from escaping

• To punish his enemies

Uniform Standards

• standardize = set rules that make things similar

• necessary to unify

• harsh punishment if not followed

• *single written language*

• *standard weights/measures*

• *uniform coins*

• *standard length for wheels*

Multiple Choice

to set rules to make things more similar

• standardize
• censor
• envoy
• code

Multiple Choice

To unify the very divided China, Shi implemented all of the following EXCEPT...

• Same written language
• Uniform laws & punishments
• Enforced the same religion
• New $$ system

Legalism

• 3rd major philosophy

• social order = strong/strict legal system

• more direct control

• uniform legal code across empire

• SEVERE punishment for breaking

• believed people must be FORCED to be good

• censor - ban ideas that were "dangerous"/"offensive"

Multiple Choice

The statement below refers to which of the THREE philosophies:

strict laws and punishments were needed to maintain control in society

• confucianism

• daoism

• legalism

Multiple Choice

I'm a farmer who has been hoarding crops, so my family can eat, and my landowner wants to chop off my hand! What philosophy does my landowner believe in?

• Confucianism

• Legalism

• Daoism

• Buddhism

Multiple Choice

Which Dynasty's main philosophy was Legalism?

• Song

• Shang

• Qin

• Zhou

Multiple Choice

Who is Legalism based off of?

• Hanfeizi
• Se Lei
• Buddha 
• Qin

Multiple Choice

Which Chinese philosophy taught that people are good, but they need a good example to follow?

• Confucianism

• Daoism

• Legalism

Multiple Choice

Which Chinese philosophy taught that people are naturally evil and must have strict rules and harsh punishments to force them to do the right thing?

• Confucianism

• Daoism

• Legalism

Multiple Choice

Which of these is NOT a part of Legalism?

• strong leader

• strong legal system

• harsh laws

• treat others with respect

The Fall of the Qin

• collapsed 3 years after Shi Huangdi died

• rebellion from enforcing such harsh laws

• Rebels overthrew Qin

• started fighting amongst themselves

• China back to chaos :(

Multiple Choice

Many people were unhappy with Shi's policies because ____.

• it costed them lots of money

• he was power hungry

• his policies were harsh

• the taxes were unfair

Multiple Choice

Why did Shi Huangdi enforce harsh laws ?

• To keep social order in the Qin Dynasty

• Because it followed Confucian values

• Because it followed Daoist beliefs

Multiple Choice

What caused the Qin Dynasty to collapse?

• foreign invasion

• rebellion

• disease

• drought/famine

Multiple Choice

Without central government in China, their empire fell back into _____.

• Chaos

• Disorder

• Civil War

• ALL of these

Overview of the Han

• formed after rebellion over Qin

• organized government based off Confucian ideals

• civil service tests helped stability

• established Silk Road

• trade/ideas/religion spread

• paper/woodblock printing invented

Multiple Choice

The Han Dynasty lasted longer than the Qin Dynasty.

• True

• False

Han Government

• civil service = system of gov. officials selected for skills and knowledge

• appointed, not passed down

• had to pass exam

• limited power to remain faithful to emperor

Multiple Choice

system of government employees mainly selected for their skills and knowledge

• civil service

• officials

• envoys

• Qin

Multiple Choice

How did the Han dynasty select its government officials?

• Candidates had to belong to one of the highest-ranking families.

• Candidates had to pay a large bribe to the hiring officials.

• Candidates had to pass a difficult civil service exam.

• Candidates had to be related to the emperor.

The Silk Road

• network of trade routes that connected China to Europe

• cultural diffusion = spread of culture's practices/ideas/beliefs

• spread of Buddhism from India

• encouraged trade + built wealth

• China's primary trade good...SILK

Multiple Choice

Series of trade routes connecting China to the rest of the world

• The Great Royal Road

• The Royal Road

• The Kings Road

• The Silk Road

Multiple Choice

The most important Chinese export

• cotton
• jade
• terra cotta
• silk

Han Achievements

• calligraphy

• paper

• acupuncture

• seismometers

• wheelbarrow

Multiple Choice

Which of the following are innovations by the Ancient Chinese?

• Paper, Silk, Wheelbarrow

• Planned cities, papyrus, wheel

• Sailboat, Mummification, Sanskrit

• Hieroglyphs, gunpowder, number 0