Prokaryotes

Prokaryotes

Multiple Choice

What is taxonomy?

• The study of naming and classifying things

• Preserving dead organisms

• The science of paying your taxes

• My cat's name

Multiple Choice

The order of the levels of classification is:

• Kingdom, phylum, class, order, genus, family, species

• Class, kingdom, phylum, order, genus, family, species

• Class, kingdom, phylum, order, genus, species, family

• Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

Multiple Choice

The two-name naming system used in modern classification of living organisms is called...

• taxonomy

• binomial nomenclature

• genetics

• ecology

Multiple Choice

If you have a German Shepard what level of Classification would it be at.

• Class

• Species

• Kingdom

• Genus

Multiple Choice

In science, grouping objects or organisms to similar characteristics is called

• characterizing

• classifying

• ordering

• clustering

Multiple Choice

The modern Biological classification system is based on the pioneering work of:

• Carl Linnaeus

• Isaac Newton

• Charles Darwin

• John Meritus

Prokaryotes

Prokaryotes (or monera) are one of the simplest living things. They are small and single-celled.  Bacteria are among the best-known prokaryotic organisms. Pro means before and kary means nucleus.They generally do not have a cell nucleus, nuclear membrane or cell organelles,

Facts

• Most of them can survive at very high or very low temperatures

• Some of them can also survive in highly salty, acidic or alkaline water. 

• In general, biologists recognise 3 basic shapes of bacteria

A typical bacterial cell

• no nucleus

• surrounded by a cell wall and a cell membrane

• DNA is in the cytoplasm

• can have flagella or cilia

Reproduction

Bacteria reproduce by binary fission. In this process the bacterium, which is a single cell, divides into two identical daughter cells. Binary fission begins when the DNA of the bacterium divides into two (replicates).

Types of Bacteria

• Nitrogen - fixing

• Parasites

• Decomposer

Diseases

• Cholera, Leprosy

• Tuberculosis

• Salmonella

• Pneumonia /Streptococcus/

Multiple Choice

What is the shape of this bacteria?

• cocci

• spirilla

• bacillus

Multiple Choice

What is the shape of this bacteria?

• cocci

• spirillum

• bacillus

Multiple Choice

What number is pointing to the cell wall?

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is found inside a prokaryote?

• cytoplasm

• DNA

• both

Multiple Choice

All bacteria are harmful to humans

• True

• False

Viruses

A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism. Viruses infect all types of life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria. /bacteriophage!/

Facts

• Different viruses cause the common cold, influenza (flu), chicken pox, AIDS, and many other diseases.

• On its own, a virus is lifeless.They are inactive when not inside a living cell, but are active when inside another living cell

• Viruses are made up of genetic materials like DNA and are protected by a coating of protein.

• They do not have an organized cell structure. They have no cell nucleus.

  
  

Multiple Choice

What does a virus have on the outside?

• a protein coat

• a fur coat

• crispy skin

• membrane

Multiple Choice

Viruses are cells.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Antibiotics kill viruses

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

What do viruses need to reproduce?

• they need genetic material

• They need a host cell

• They need bacteria

• They need insulin

Multiple Choice

The word Prokaryotes means:

• Single-celled with nucleus

• Single-celled without nucleus

• Single-celled with cell membrane