04/23 Linking Words and Phrases

04/23 Linking Words and Phrases

Objective

I will be able make transitions in my writing by using several transitional phrases and words.

C.H.A.M.P.S.

• C - 0 - unless called on

• H - raise your hand

• A - notes, quiz

• M - at your desk

• P - answering questions, taking notes

• S - 80% or better on the Study Island quiz

Expectations

Pay Attention

Take Notes

Stay in your seat

No games or YouTube while Mr. Brown is teaching

Raise your hand to speak

Respond when calle on

Do your best on the Study Island quiz

Transitions and Flow

When you write, you should try to connect your ideas as smoothly as possible. Some people like to call this "writing flow." Just like water flows in a river, your ideas should flow in your essay. Transitions, certain words or phrases, can help connect your sentences and paragraphs.

Signal Time or Sequence

Use words such as these: first, second, finally, last, next, afterward, after, earlier, during, while, before, then, previously, now, until.

Sequence Example

Earlier, my mother was at work. Now she is at home.

Multiple Select

What are some examples of sequence words?

Choose THREE answers!

• After

• Before

• First

• However

Signal Additional Information

Use words such as these: in addition, furthermore, moreover, and, also, another.

Additional Information Example

Last summer, my family visited New York City. In addition, we drove to New Jersey to visit Aunt Martha.

Multiple Select

What are some examples for additional information?

Choose THREE answers!

• Also

• Another

• Instead

• Furthermore

Signal Examples or Illustrations

Use words such as these: for example, for instance, to illustrate, such as, including.

Illustrations Example

I like to listen to many types of music. For example, I like rock music, classical music, and the blues.

Multiple Select

What are some examples of illustration words?

Choose THREE answers!

• Then

• For example

• For instance

• Such as

Signal Comparison

Use words such as these: likewise, similarly, in the same manner, just as, as well.

Comparison Example

My dad likes to paint with watercolors. Likewise, I like to draw pictures.

Multiple Select

What are some comparison examples?

• Similarly

• Like

• However

• As well

Signal Contrast

Use words such as these: however, although, but, yet, nevertheless, whereas, in contrast, on the contrary, on the other hand, instead.

Contrast Example

My sister wanted to buy a new dress. Instead, she borrowed one from a friend.

Multiple Select

What are some examples of contrast words?

Choose THREE answers!

• However

• First

• But

• Nevertheless

Multiple Select

What are some examples of contrast words?

• However

• First

• Although

• Nevertheless

Signal Cause and Effect

Use words such as these: consequently, as a result, thus, therefore, because, accordingly, since, so.

Multiple Select

What are some cause and effect words?

Choose THREE answers!

• Consequently

• But

• As a result

• Therefore

Cause and Effect Example

I ate a lot of candy after lunch. Therefore, my stomach hurts.

Signal Endings or Closings

Use words such as these: in conclusion, all in all, in brief, in summary, as indicated above.

Multiple Select

What are some words that would signal an ending?

• All in all

• In summary

• In conclusion

• Although

Endings Example

In summary, it is important for children to spend holidays with their families.

Go With the Flow

Knowing when to use a transition and which one to use is important. If a transition makes your paper sound choppy, you are probably using the wrong one. Try different transitions until the sentences flow together smoothly.

Other Ways to Improve Flow

1) Use pronouns for the second sentence instead of the name(s) and noun(s) in the first sentence.

First sentence: Kierra loves to watch basketball games.

Second sentence: She cheers loudly for her favorite team.

Improving Flow Continued

2) Combine two sentences into one sentence.

Two sentences: Olivia has brown and black fur. She has pointy ears.

One sentence: Olivia has brown and black fur and pointy ears.

Multiple Choice

What would be the best transition word or phrase to connect the ideas in this sentence?

That store sells different kinds of pets. _______ , dogs, cats, hamsters, and birds are sold.

• Likewise

• On the contrary

• For example

• Therefore

Explanations

The best answer choice is the transition "For example." This phrase signals that the writer is about to list some examples of the kinds of pets that are sold.

Multiple Choice

In the following sentence, what does the transition word "afterward" signal?

Peter will go to the movies. Afterward, he will eat dinner.

• cause and effect

• closing

• time

• contrast

Explanation

In this example, "afterward" signals time. The writer states that after Peter goes to the movies, he will eat dinner.