CONDITIONALS

CONDITIONALS

ZERO CONDITIONAL

• We use conditional sentences to say one thing depends on another. They can be used to talk about real or imaginary situations. One of the clauses starts with if (or a similar word) – this is the conditional clause. The other clause talks about the result of the conditional clause happening.

ZERO CONDITIONAL

We use the zero conditional to talk about things that are generally true, especially for laws and rules.

• If you freeze water, it becomes solid.

• If I drink too much coffee, I can't sleep at night.

• Ice melts if you heat it.

• When the sun goes down, it gets dark.

The structure is: if/when + present simple >> present simple.

QUIZ TIME

Are you ready?

Multiple Choice

When I'm hungry...

• I feel angry

• I will feel angry

• I would feel angry

• I would have felt angry.

Multiple Choice

If you heat water,

• it boils

• it will boil

• it would boil

• it could boil

FIRST CONDITIONAL

We use the first conditional when we talk about future situations we believe are real or possible.

If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we'll go to the beach.

Arsenal will be top of the league if they win.

When I finish work, I'll call you.

• In first conditional sentences, the structure is usually: if/when + present simple >> will + infinitive. 

• It is also common to use this structure with unless, as long as, as soon as or in case instead of if.

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QUIZ TIME

Are you ready?

Multiple Choice

I'll buy the tickets

• as soon as I get home

• if I will go home

• when I was at home

• If I was home

Multiple Choice

I don't want to go unless

• you go

• you don't go

• you will go

• you would go

Multiple Choice

If you go to bed late,

• you won't wake up early.

• you are not wake up early.

• you could wake up early.

• you could have wake up early.

SECOND CONDITIONAL

The second conditional is used to imagine present or future situations that are impossible or unlikely in reality.

• The structure is usually: if + past simple >> + would + infinitive. 

• When if is followed by the verb be, it is grammatically correct to say if I were, if he were, if she were and if it were. However, it is also common to hear these structures with was, especially in the he/she form.

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QUIZ TIME

Are you ready?

Multiple Choice

If I were you,

• I wouldn't tell her.

• I wouldn't told her.

• I will tell her.

• I won't tell her.

Multiple Choice

If I were a boy,

• I wouldn't wax my legs.

• I waxed my legs.

• I will wax my legs.

• I wax my legs.

Multiple Choice

She would come

• if she had a car.

• if she will have a car.

• if she has a car.

• if she would have a car.

• https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/conditional-sentences/type-2/exercises?02

• https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/if_clauses/type_2_statements.htm

• https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/grammar/intermediate-to-upper-intermediate/conditionals-1

THIRD CONDITIONAL

We make the third conditional by using the past perfect after 'if' and then 'would have' and the past participle in the second part of the sentence:

• if + past perfect, ...would + have + past participle

• It talks about the past. It's used to describe a situation that didn't happen, and to imagine the result of this situation.

• If she had studied, she would have passed the exam (but, really we know she didn't study and so she didn't pass)

• If I hadn't eaten so much, I wouldn't have felt sick (but I did eat a lot, and so I did feel sick).

• If we had taken a taxi, we wouldn't have missed the plane

• She wouldn't have been tired if she had gone to bed earlier

• She would have become a teacher if she had gone to university

• He would have been on time for the interview if he had left the house at nine

QUIZ TIME

Are you ready?

Multiple Choice

If she had called him,

• he would have asked her out.

• he had asked her out.

• he will ask her out.

• he asked her out.

Multiple Choice

I could have ___ bread but I didn't know we needed it.

• bought

• buy

• buying

• would buy

Multiple Choice

We ______ invited so many people to our party, we won't have enough room for everyone.

• shouldn't have

• should have

• could have

• would have

• couldn't have

Multiple Choice

He ------ won if he _____ more.

• would have / practiced

• wouldn't have/practiced

• couldn't / practiced

• will have / practice

https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/third-conditional-exercise-1.html

https://www.e-grammar.org/if-clauses/test3-exercise1/