Modals 2: (Suggestions, Obligations & Prohibitions)

Modals 2: (Suggestions, Obligations, Responsibilities & Prohibitions)

Lengua Extranjera IV

Mtro. Gonzalo Olivares Oropeza

Should, Have to & Must

Main aim: To communicate suggestions, responsibilities, obligations & prohibitions in oral and written way.

Should

• When we suggest to someone that he/she should do something = it is a good thing to do or the right thing to do.

• You can use "should" to give advice or to give an opinion.

• You look tired, you should take a nap.

• The government should help people in the pandemic.

• You were so rude with her, you should apologize.

Shouldn't (Should not)

• You shouldn't do something= it isn't a good thing to do.

• You shouldn't believe everything you read on Facebook.

• She shouldn't go back with her ex-boyfriend, the guy cheated on her many times.

• You shouldn't spend many hours outside, you could be sick.

Open Ended

Read the next situation, and give advice using should & shouldn't:

For the next two weeks, I'm going to present an English school project before summer vacations. Moreover, I waste my time on my cellphone playing video games, watching videos on YouTube, and refreshing my Facebook.

The most important thing, I'm bad at English, what should I do in this situation?

p.e: You should uninstall your social media apps.

You shouldn't play too much time videogames.

Have to/Has to

• Read the following example:

• "I have to do something" = it is necessary to do it, I am obliged to do it and it's my responsibility to do it.

• For example:

• I have to keep my bedroom clean every day.

• Carlos can't come to the party today, he has to work late.

• My brothers are hungry, I have to cook breakfast quickly.

• My mom has to wear glasses for reading.

Don't have to/Doesn't have to

• When we say: "You don't have to do it" = you don't need to do it (but you can if you want).

• You don't have to tell him, but you can do it if you want to.

• I don't have to be at the meeting, but I'll go anyway.

• He doesn't have to do the oral exam, but he will do his presentation.

Open Ended

Read the next situation, and give advice using have to & don't have to:

I want to go on the school trip this year, our group is going to visit Tulum and many places in the south of Mexico; nevertheless, my mom said no because she says that I don't help enough at home because I'm always lazy but I'm a good student.

Can you tell me what do I have to do?

p.e: You have to clean your house every day.

You don't have to be rude with her, she could get angry.

Must

• We use "must" to talk about obligations, we want to say that something is totally necessary to do it.

• We must be very quiet in the museum.

• Before joining the English class, our microphones must be muted.

• If you go outside, you must wear a mask.

• He must organize his homework.

Must not (Mustn't)

• You mustn't do something = it is a prohibition.

• You mustn't use a translator in your English homework.

• You mustn't have parties at home, there's still a pandemic.

• You mustn't cheat on the exam.

Open Ended

Can you tell me a rule for the school using must/mustn't?

You must keep the classroom clean.

You mustn't use headphones in class.

Summarizing

• Should/Shouldn't (Suggestions & Advice)

• Have to (Obligations & Responsibilities)

• Must (Obligations)

• Must not/Mustn't (Prohibitions)

Open Ended

Can you tell me an advise (should) in order to prevent COVID-19?

p.e.

You should wear a mask if you go to the supermarket.

You shouldn't spend too much time outside from home.

Open Ended

Can you tell me an obligation (have to or must) and a prohibition (mustn't) in order to prevent COVID-19?

p.e.

You have to wash your hands every time.

You must disinfect the common areas of your house.

You must not shake hands with people.