Unit 4 Section 1 Vocabulary

Unit 4 Section 1 Vocabulary

World War I Begins

Lesson 1

Arms race

military competition between nations

Conscription

required enrollment for the armed forces, a draft

Militarism

aggressive governmental support of the military

Mobilization

to make soldiers and equipment ready for war

Powder keg

a situation that could easily became violent

Undermine

to make something weaker in a sly or secretive way

Multiple Choice

Nationalism, imperialism, alliances and ___, or countries building large standing armies, all lead to WWI.

• arms race

• conscription

• militarism

Multiple Choice

Increased militarism led to an ___, or military competition, in Europe.

• arms race

• conscription

• militarism

Multiple Choice

Nations created ___, or required military enrollment, programs.

• arms race

• conscription

• militarism

Multiple Choice

European nations also developed advanced ___, or war preparation, plans.

• mobilization

• powder keg

• undermine

Multiple Choice

Nations took steps to ___, or weaken, each other overseas.

• mobilization

• powder keg

• undermine

Multiple Choice

The Balkans were called the "___" of Europe, or the location where violence was likely to occur.

• mobilization

• powder keg

• undermine

A New Kind of War

Lesson 2

Stalemate

a contest in which neither side can win nor gain an advantage

Reconnaissance

a military activity where soldiers are sent out to gain information

Rationing

the limiting of how much of a good in scarce supply a person can buy in wartime

Prediction

a statement about something that will happen or might happen in the future

Casualty

a member of the military who is either severely injured or killed during warfare

Propaganda

official communications that are often misleading or exaggerated in order to help support for a cause

Multiple Choice

Airplanes were primarily used for ___, or missions to gain information.

• stalemate

• reconnaissance

• rationing

Multiple Choice

The western front turned into a ___, or a situation where neither side advances.

• stalemate

• reconnaissance

• rationing

Multiple Choice

Governments imposed ___, or limiting of certain goods, in order to maintain supplies needed for troops.

• stalemate

• reconnaissance

• rationing

Multiple Choice

Early ___, or thoughts about what will happen in the future, of a quick war, did not come true.

• predictions

• casualty

• propaganda

Multiple Choice

Trench warfare led to higher ___, wounded or killed soldiers, than previous warfare.

• predictions

• casualties

• propaganda

Multiple Choice

___, or official communications to gain support for a cause, were common during WWI

• predictions

• casualties

• propaganda

World War I Ends

Lesson 3

Armistice

truce or moment of peace during war

Idealist

a person who pursues noble goals and standards, even when they are not practical

Neutral

not taking a side in a conflict or war

Reparations

payments made by the losing nation in a war to make up for the damages and deaths that have occured

Self-determination

the right of a people to choose their own government

Multiple Choice

When the war began, the United States decided to remain ___, or not take sides.

• armistice

• idealist

• neutral

• reparations

• self-determination

Multiple Choice

On November 11, 1918, an ___, or truce, was signed on the French-German border.

• armistice

• idealist

• neutral

• reparations

• self-determination

Multiple Choice

Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points included ___, or right to choose their own government, for colonized peoples.

• armistice

• idealist

• neutral

• reparations

• self-determination

Multiple Choice

Germany was forced to pay $33 billion to the allies in ___, to make up for damages and deaths.

• armistice

• idealist

• neutral

• reparations

• self-determination

Multiple Choice

Wilson was an ___, or someone with noble goals, who wanted a peace agreement based on his Fourteen Points.

• armistice

• idealist

• neutral

• reparations

• self-determination

Revolution in Russia

Lesson 4

Provisional

temporary

Autocratic

possessing absolute and unlimited power

Communism

a system in which the government controls the distribution of land and resources

Marxism

a theory based on the ideas of Karl Marx that workers would establish a classless society

Soviet

a unit of local government in communist Russia

Single-party state

a government in which a single political party controls the government, and other, opposing parties are prohibited

Multiple Choice

Russian had an ____, or all powerful, monarchy.

• provisional

• autocratic

• communism

Multiple Choice

After the February Revolution a ___, or temporary government was established.

• provisional

• autocratic

• communism

Multiple Choice

The Bolsheviks supported ___, a system where the governments control the distribution of land and wealth.

• provisional

• autocratic

• communism

Multiple Choice

Bolsheviks also supported ___, which features the establishment of a classless society.

• marxism

• soviet

• single-party state

Multiple Choice

The Bolsheviks-led by Lenin- won a majority in the Saint-Petersburg ___, or local council.

• marxism

• soviet

• single-party state

Multiple Choice

Under communist rule, Russia became a ___, or a country where there is only one political party.

• marxism

• soviet

• single-party state

Cultural and Intellectual Trends

Lesson 5

Relative

compared to something else

Abstract

not clearly defined or having a physical shape

Cubism

an art movement in the early 1900's that broke image objects into facets, leading to a multidimensional appearance

Disillusionment

a feeling of disenchantment, of having false beliefs corrected or overturned

Psychoanalysis

a method of psychological therapy designed by Sigmund Freud that is meant to help patients see the relationship between their conscious and repressed feelings

Surrealism

an artistic and cultural movement whose works reflected dreams or imaginary states and the unpredictable nature of the human mind

Multiple Choice

Einstein's theory of relativity states that movement in space and time is ___ to the person measuring them

• relative

• abstract

• cubism

Multiple Choice

New science theories influenced artists who moved from realistic works to ___ images, or ones that are not clearly defined.

• relative

• abstract

• cubism

Multiple Choice

Picasso pioneered ___, a style that presents a fragmented version of reality.

• relative

• abstract

• cubism

Multiple Choice

The postwar era gave rise to a spirit of ___, or disenchantment.

• disillusionment

• psychoanalysis

• surrealism

Multiple Choice

___ is an artistic movement that also rejects the use of realistic images.

• disillusionment

• psychoanalysis

• surrealism

Multiple Choice

Sigmud Freud introduced the field of ___ which was meant to help patients see the relationship between their conscious and repressed feelings.

• disillusionment

• psychoanalysis

• surrealism

Global Economic Crisis

Lesson 6

Prosperity

being successful by usually making a lot of money

Coalition

joining a person or people for a common purpose

On margin

buying a stock by making a down payment (margin) and borrowing the balance from a bank or broker

Depleted

used up the supply of something

Speculation

buying stocks or pieces of property, with a large risk of loss, in the hope of making a large profit when selling

Multiple Choice

When a single political party fails to get a majority, countries must form ___ governments.

• prosperity

• coalition

• on margin

Multiple Choice

Americans enjoyed great ___, or financial success, in the 1920s.

• prosperity

• coalition

• on margin

Multiple Choice

Buying stocks ___ means that you buy them on credit.

• prosperity

• coalition

• on margin

Multiple Choice

The war ___, or used up, European resources

• depleted

• speculation

• inflation

Multiple Choice

Runaway ___, increasing prices, caused the Germa economy to collapse.

• depleted

• speculation

• inflation

Multiple Choice

___ can lead to great profit or large losses.

• depleted

• speculation

• inflation