Digestive System

Digestive System

Multiple Choice

Taking in food through the mouth is called

• Ingestion

• Digestion

• Absorption

• Assimilation

• Elimination

Multiple Choice

The muscular organ in the body where chemical and mechanical digestion take place.

• pancreas

• liver

• stomach

• esophagus

Multiple Choice

What does the large intestine do?

• digest the food from this process

• makes a pathway for the food

• reabsorb a lot of the water from this process

• absorbs the food from this process

Multiple Choice

Which is the esophagus?

• A

• B

• C

• D

• E

Multiple Choice

What does the salivary glands do for the digestive system?

• It produce saliva, which keeps the mouth and other parts of the digestive system moist.

• It produce moist, which keeps the mouth and other parts of the digestive system saliva.

• It produces ptyalin to make saliva for the mouth, so the system can start.

Multiple Choice

The teeth and tongue of the oral cavity break foodstuff down physically. This is an example of

• mechanical digestion

• chemical digestion

• absorption

• peristalsis

Multiple Choice

Enzyme in your saliva helps break down food while chewing. This is called ... .

• Mechanical digestion

• Chemical digestion

• Physical digestion

• Physiological digestion

Mechanical Digestion

• is a physical process in which food is broken into smaller pieces without becoming changed chemically.

• It begins with your first bite of food and continues as you chew food with your teeth into smaller pieces.

Mechanical Digestion

• The process of mechanical digestion continues in the stomach.

• This muscular organ churns and mixes the food it contains, an action that breaks any solid food into still smaller pieces.

Mechanical Digestion

• Although some mechanical digestion also occurs in the intestines, it is mostly completed by the time food leaves the stomach. 

• At that stage, food in the alimentary canal tract has been changed to the thick semi-fluid called chyme.

Mechanical Digestion

• Mechanical digestion is necessary so that chemical digestion can be effective. 

• Mechanical digestion tremendously increases the surface area of food particles so they can be acted upon more effectively by digestive enzymes.

Multiple Choice

Why food needs to be digested mechanically so that chemical digestion can be more effective?

• To increase the surface area

• To break it down into simpler substances

• To decrease the temperature of the reaction

• To increase the pH level

Chemical Digestion

• Chemical digestion is the biochemical process in which macromolecules in food are changed into smaller molecules that can be absorbed into body fluids and transported to cells throughout the body. 

• Substances in food that must be chemically digested include carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. 

Chemical Digestion

• Carbohydrates must be broken down into simple sugars, proteins into amino acids, lipids into fatty acids and glycerol, and nucleic acids into nitrogen bases and sugars. 

• Some chemical digestion takes place in the mouth and stomach, but most of it occurs in the first part of the small intestine (duodenum).

Digestive Enzymes

• Chemical digestion could not occur without the help of many different digestive enzymes. 

• Enzymes are proteins that catalyze, or speed up, biochemical reactions. 

• Digestive enzymes are secreted by exocrine glands or by the mucosal layer of the epithelium lining the gastrointestinal tract.

Digestice Enzymes

• In the mouth, digestive enzymes are secreted by salivary glands. 

• The lining of the stomach secretes enzymes, as does the lining of the small intestine. 

• Many more digestive enzymes are secreted by exocrine cells in the pancreas and carried by ducts to the small intestine. 

Multiple Choice

In which of the following parts of the mammalian digestive system is hydrochloric acid produced?

• gall bladder

• glands in the stomach wall

• pancreas

• liver

Multiple Choice

Which one of the following enzymes is directly responsible for the production of fatty acids and glycerol?

• amylase

• peptidase

• trypsin

• lipase

Multiple Choice

In a mammal, the sectretion that emulsifies fats in the duodenum is made in the ... .

• bile duct

• gall bladder

• liver

• pancreas

Multiple Choice

If the pancreatic duct of a mammal became blocked, which one of the following symtomps would the animal show?

• Increased bile in the blood.

• Increased blood sugar level.

• Decreased blood insulin level.

• Decreased protein digestion.

Multiple Select

The secretions listed below are all active in the mammalian alimentary canal. Which secretions contain the enzyme amylase?

• saliva

• gastric juice

• bile

• pancreatic juice

• intestinal juice

Multiple Choice

As food passes along the alimentary canal, proteins are digested in the ... .

• mouth, stomach, duodenum

• stomach, duodenum, ileum

• stomach, pancreas, caecum

• duodenum, ileum, liver

Multiple Choice

Lipase was added in 100 ml of milk. After 30 minute, the milk had become more acidic. What were the substrate and the products in this reaction?

• fats; amino acids

• fats; fatty acids

• proteins; amino acids

• proteins; fatty acids

Multiple Choice

Which of the following secretions is most acidic?

• bile

• gastric juice

• intestinal juice

• pancreatic juice

Multiple Choice

Which region of the alimentary canal has the greatest surface area for absorption of food molecules?

• colon

• duodenum

• ileum

• oesphagus

Multiple Choice

Where do the chemical digestion and absorption of food occur in the human alimentary canal?

• oesophagus; colon

• oesophagus, stomach

• stomach; liver

• stomach, ileum

Multiple Choice

What would be the main end-products of digestion of a meal of rice and white fish?

• amino acids and glycerol

• amino acids and simple sugar

• fatty acids and simple sugar

• simple sugar and glycerol

Multiple Choice

In which two body organs does reabsorption of water take places?

• colon and kidneys

• kidneys and liver

• liver and duodenum

• duodenum and colon