Motion

Motion

BY : ARDRA RAJ

MAGNITUDE

• Magnitude is the size or extent of a physical quantity.

• Scalar quantities are only expressed as magnitude. E.g: time, distance, mass, temperature, area, volume

• Vector quantities are expressed in magnitude as well as the direction of the object. E.g: Velocity, displacement, weight, momentum, force, acceleration, etc.

DISTANCE AND DISPLACEMENT

• The magnitude of the length covered by a moving object is called distance. It has no direction.

• Displacement is the shortest distance between two points or the distance between the starting and final positions with respect to time. It has magnitude as well direction.

• Displacement can be zero, but distance cannot

UNIFORM AND NON UNIFORM MOTION

• When an object covers equal distances in equal intervals of time it is in uniform motion.

• When an object covers unequal distances in equal intervals of time it is said to be in non-uniform motion.

TIME AND SPEED

• Time is the duration of an event that is expressed in seconds. Most physical phenomena occur with respect to time. It is a scalar quantity.

• Speed is the rate of change of distance. If a body covers a certain distance in a certain amount of time, its speed is given

• SPEED = DISTANCE / TIME

VELOCITY

The Rate of change of displacement is velocity. It is a vector quantity. Here the direction of motion is specified.

VELOCITY = DISPLACEMENT/TIME

Average velocity = (Initial Velocity + Final velocity)/2

ACCELERATION

The rate of change of velocity is called acceleration. It is a vector quantity. In non-uniform motion, velocity varies with time, i.e., change in velocity is not 0. It is denoted by “a”

Acceleration = Change in Velocity / Time

EQUATIONS OF MOTION

• v = u + at

• v² - u² = 2as

• s = ut + (1/2)at ²

UNIFORM CIRCULAR MOTION

• If an object moves in a circular path with uniform speed, its motion is called uniform circular motion.

• Velocity is changing as direction keeps changing.

• Acceleration is constant .