6/1: Review: PART A

Review:

PART A

Multiple Choice

Which characteristic is shared by all prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms?

• the ability to reproduce asexually

• the ability to make their own food

• the need for a source of energy

• the need for oxygen for respiration

Multiple Choice

Which statement best describes the difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells?

• The presence of both DNA and ribosomes in prokaryotic cells indicates that they are more complex than eukaryotic cells.

• The larger size of prokaryotic cells indicates that they are more complex than eukaryotic cells.

• The presence of membrane-bound organelles in eukaryotic cells indicates that they are more complex than prokaryotic cells.

• The larger size of eukaryotic cells indicates that they are more complex than prokaryotic cells.

Multiple Choice

Alveoli are microscopic air sacs in the lungs of mammals. Which statement best describes how the structure of the alveoli allows the lungs to function properly?

• They increase the amount of energy transferred from the lungs to the blood.

• They increase the flexibility of the lungs as they expand during inhalation.

• They increase the volume of the lungs, allowing more oxygen to be inhaled.

• They increase the surface area of the lungs, allowing efficient gas exchange.

Multiple Choice

The opening of the stomata allows water to evaporate from inside the leaf in a process known as transpiration. As this occurs, water molecules cling to one another and pull water in a continuous stream up the stem of the plant from the roots to the leaves. Which property of water makes this movement possible?

• cohesion

• freezing point

• high specific heat

• temperature-dependent density

Multiple Choice

Cells are largely made of organic compounds that contain carbon. Which property of the carbon atom makes it an essential component of organic compounds?

• Carbon is a nonmetal.

• Carbon oxidized to carbon dioxide.

• Carbon is solid at room temperature.

• Carbon can form four covalent bonds.

Multiple Choice

Which process best describes the assembly of proteins from amino acids?

• Atoms are linked to form a compound.

• Monomers are linked to form a polymer.

• Atoms are added to a monomer until it becomes a polymer.

• Molecules are added to a compound until it becomes a monomer.

Multiple Choice

A.2.3.1 The diagram models how a poison bonds to the active site of an enzyme. Which Function is the enzyme most likely unable to perform because of the attachment of the poison molecule?

• the release of stored chemical energy

• the donation of electrons to the substrate

• the supply of activation energy for a reaction

• the catalysis of the reaction with the substrate

Multiple Choice

The graph shows how the activity of an enzyme changes at different temperatures. Which statement best describes what happens to the enzyme when the temperature of the reaction increases to 63°C?

• The enzyme is used up and the reaction stops.

• The enzyme begins to decrease the rate of the reaction.

• The enzyme continues to increase the rate of the reaction.

• The enzyme changes shape and can no longer speed up the reaction.

Multiple Choice

Which statement best compares the energy transformations of photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

• Only photosynthesis uses oxygen to create energy.

• Only photosynthesis causes an increase in kinetic energy.

• Photosynthesis and cellular respiration both store energy in chemical bonds.

• Photosynthesis and cellular respiration both require chemical energy to make food.

Multiple Choice

The diagram shows the movement of ions against a concentration gradient to an area of higher concentration. Which molecule provides the energy needed for this movement to occur in a cell?

• ATP

• mRNA

• protein

• lipid

Multiple Choice

Which component of this membrane contains a hydrophobic region and acts as the primary barrier to most foreign substances?

• protein

• cholesterol

• carbohydrate chain

• phospholipid bilayer

Multiple Choice

The relative concentration of solute inside and outside a cell can cause water molecules to move across the membrane. Which phrase would be an alternate title to the diagram?

• Exocytosis in a Cell

• Active Transport in a Cell

• Osmosis Across a Membrane

• Facilitated Diffusion Across a Membrane

Multiple Choice

All living organisms must maintain homeostasis in order to survive. Which statement best describes one way humans maintain homeostasis?

• Temperature is regulated by giving off carbon dioxide.

• Water content is regulated by giving off carbon dioxide.

• Temperature is regulated by sweating.

• Water content is regulated by sweating.