Reduce Adjective Clause to Adjective Phrase

Reduce Adjective Clause to Adjective Phrase

To make the sentence shorter, we can reduce the long adjective clause to be adjective phrase as follows.

Multiple Choice

What is adjective clause?

• The clause (S+V) with relative pronoun such as 'that, which, who'

• The subordinated clause with the conjunction:- because, so, although etc,

Adjective Clause / Relative Clause

• relative pronoun:- that, which, who, whom, whose, etc.

• modify the subject, object, or complement

The subordinated clause is embedded in this sentence.

Multiple Choice

Which part of the sentence does the adjective clause modify?

1[To be born] 2[in the jungles] 3 [like Buddha whose mother is the princess] 4[is dangerous for others.]

• 1[To be born]

• 2[in the jungles]

• 3 [like Buddha whose mother is the princess]

• 4 [is dangerous for others.]

How to reduce the adjective clause or relative clause?

1. Remove Relative Pronoun

2. Delete all helping verbs:- to be, to have, to do, & modal verb

3. Turn the head verb to V-ing (Present Participle) form if the subject does it by him/herself.

4. Turn the head verb to V-ed (Past Participle) form if the subject has been done. (Passive)

5. If the V-ing, V-ed form are after the head noun and before main verb, move it before the name like adjective word order.

Multiple Choice

Which part of the sentence does the adjective clause modify?

1[To be born] 2[in the jungles] 3 [like Buddha whose mother is the princess] 4[is dangerous for others.]

• 1[To be born]

• 2[in the jungles]

• 3 [like Buddha whose mother is the princess]

• 4 [is dangerous for others.]

Multiple Choice

Can the clause in the last slide be reduced and why?

• Yes, because it is the adjective clause.

• Yes, because it contains the verb.

• No, because it share the same subject as the main clause.

• No, because if it lost its relative pronoun, it would change the meaning of the whole sentence.

So, what kind of clause can be reduced?

Let's see!

Remember! Only the clause that has a relative pronoun then immediately followed by the verb can be reduced.

• For instance:

• The girl [who is ordering the coffee in the cafe'] is Tom's ex-girlfriend. (can be reduced)

• The book which I have just bought yesterday was lost. (cannot be reduced)

Multiple Choice

Which sentence can be reduced?

• The man whose bike you are using is my neighbor.

• I can’t betray a person whom I love.

• Please bring your friend who is from China.

• The time when I am done is not coming any soon.

Multiple Choice

Which sentence cannot be reduced?

• Do you still have the chess that was gifted to you on your 10th birthday?

• I know a place where he can hide.

• A person who is positive never gives up.

• We can’t deal with a person who is as crazy as you.

Here are steps to reduce adjective clause.

• delete relative pronoun 'that, which, who'

• delete all unnecessary helping verbs 'have, be, do, and modal verbs'

• If the subject acts the verb by itself, use the present participle form (V-ing)

• If the subject is caused by another one else, use the past participle form (V-ed/ V3).

The Examples

• All the people who work in the HR department need to bring their identity cards tomorrow.

• (Active Voice) All the people working in the HR department need to bring their identity cards tomorrow.

• His book that was published last year is amazing. 

• (Passive Voice) His book published last year is amazing. 

For those who have done the recent item wrongly, let's see some examples.

Reduce the adjective clause with Verb to be.

To reduce the Adjective clause that contains 'Verb to be'. (Not in case of passive voice)

• Be + Being + V3

• Be + Adj.

• Be + Prep.

• *(V. to be can also be substituted by other linking verbs)

Examples

• Be + being + V3

• I am not sure about the authenticity of the tests that are being conducted in his lab. (adjective clause, present continuous tense active voice)

• I am not sure about the authenticity of the tests being conducted in his lab. (reduced adjective clause, present continuous tense passive voice)

• In case we would like to emphasize the action has been being progressive that time.

Be + Adjective

• A person who is weak can’t do this job.

• A weak person can’t do this job. (reduced adjective clause)

• In this case, we move the adjective the modify the noun by placing it before the noun.

Be + Adjective Phrase

• He is not the person who is happy for you.

• He is not the person happy for you. (reduced adjective clause)

[Rel. Pron.] + Be + Prep.

• Could you help me talk to the boy who is from Nepal?

• Could you help me talk to the boy from Nepal? (reduced adjective clause)

  
  

Multiple Choice

Which one is the correct reduced form from the adjective clause of the following sentence.

The boy who was disabled won the match.

• The boy who was disabled won the match.

• The boy was disabled won the match.

• The boy being disabled won the match.

• The disabled boy won the match.

Multiple Choice

Anyone who is unhappy with their lives can talk to Dr. Tongkant about their problems.

• Anyone being unhappy with their lives can talk to Dr. Seema about their problems.

• Anyone unhappy with their lives can talk to Dr. Seema about their problems.

• Any unhappy one with their lives can talk to Dr. Seema about their problems.

• Any unhappy-live one can talk to Dr. Seema about their problems.

Multiple Choice

Why don’t you do something for the people who are sitting idle without a job.

• Why don’t you do something for the people sitting idle without a job.

• Why don’t you do something for the people being sitting idle without a job.

• Why don’t you do something for the people sit idle without a job.

• Why don’t you do something for the people idle without a job.

Multiple Choice

The boys who are selected from the Kunari village have been placed in good companies.

• The boys selected from the Kunari village have been placed in good companies.

• The selected boys from the Kunari village have been placed in good companies.

• The boys being selected from the Kunari village have been placed in good companies.

• The boys are selected from the Kunari village have been placed in good companies.

There are more ways to reduce adjective clauses.

- Appositive Noun Phrase

- Prepositional Phrase

- Infinitive Phrase

- Participial Phrase

You may study from this link, too. https://www.stou.ac.th/schools/sla/b.a.english/d4lp/14212/Module11/content/content05.html

Multiple Choice

Which phrase can replace the underlined adjective clause in the following sentence?

The cover of a Pacific Ocean vacuum cleaner, which is a new product from Electrolux, is made from plastic trash.?

• A) a new product from Electrolux ?

• B) to be a new product from Electrolux ?

• C) is a new product from Electrolux?

• D) being a new product from Electrolux?

• E) which a new product from Electrolux?

Multiple Choice

Which phrase can replace the underlined adjective clause in the following sentence?

None of the five new vacuum cleaners which are produced from this company are for commercial sale.

• A) which from this company

• B) to produce from this company

• C) from this company

• D) producing from this company

• E) which from this company

Multiple Choice

Which phrase can replace the underlined adjective clause in the following sentence?

This company has found an efficient method that can be used to recycle plastic trash.

• A) to recycle plastic trash

• B) recycling plastic trash

• C) which to be used to recycle plastic trash

• D) be used to recycle plastic trash

• E) recycling plastic trash

Multiple Choice

Which relative pronoun would be the best to fill the blank?

Summer was the time ______ most trash was collected from the beach.

• A) what

• B) that

• C) where

• D) when

• E) why