Thì và phối hợp các thì

Tenses - Sequence of tenses

Thì - Phối hợp thì

Không có thì đúng, thì sai?

Thì mang nghĩa, đôi khi dùng thì không đúng ý mình muốn nói sẽ gây hiểu lầm.

VD: Thì HTTD thể hiện một hành động đang diễn ra, mà mình dùng "I am swimming last year" thì người nghe sẽ bối rối, không hiểu.

Đôi khi, người ra đề không thể hiện rõ ý họ muốn biểu đạt qua câu là gì, thì có thể có nhiều thì phù hợp.

VD:

My English has really improved since I moved to Australia.

My English has really been improving since I moved to Australia.

-> đều đúng về ngữ pháp, nhưng ý nghĩa khác nhau

1. Past Perfect

What do you know about Past Perfect?

Watch this video. What did you learn?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bGvDiycGoOg&ab_channel=LearnEnglishonSkype

Multiple Select

The past perfect tense is used to describe an action that happened:

(Choose all that apply)

• in the present

• in the past

• before an action in simple past

• after an action in simple past

Fill in the Blank

Chia động từ:

Mrs. Pike (open)_______ the door before the customers (arrive)______.

Lưu ý: Nối hai đáp án bằng dấu "-"

Past Perfect

• S + had + PP + ....

• Used to describe action that happened before an action in simple past

2. Past continuous

What do you know about this tense?

See Whiteboard

Multiple Choice

Which example show Past Continuous tense being used to describe action interrupted by action:

• Sammy was waiting for us when we got off the plane.

• At midnight, we were still driving through the desert.

• While Ellen was reading, Tim was watching television.

• He was constantly talking. He annoyed everyone.

Multiple Choice

Which example show Past Continuous tense being used to describe action interrupted by specific time:

• Sammy was waiting for us when we got off the plane.

• At midnight, we were still driving through the desert.

• While Ellen was reading, Tim was watching television.

• He was constantly talking. He annoyed everyone.

Multiple Choice

Which example show Past Continuous tense being used to describe parallel actions:

• Sammy was waiting for us when we got off the plane.

• At midnight, we were still driving through the desert.

• While Ellen was reading, Tim was watching television.

• He was constantly talking. He annoyed everyone.

Multiple Choice

Which example show Past Continuous tense being used to describe irritation:

• Sammy was waiting for us when we got off the plane.

• At midnight, we were still driving through the desert.

• While Ellen was reading, Tim was watching television.

• He was constantly talking. He annoyed everyone.

Past Continuous is used to describe:

• action interrupted by action

• action interrupted by specific time

• parallel actions in the past

• irritation (~ ai đó toàn làm gì) (+ always, constantly)

3. Present Perfect Continuous

What do you know about this tense?

Multiple Choice

Which tense do we use in this sentence:

Mary (love) chocolate since she was a little girl.

• Present Perfect

• Present Perfect Continuous

Multiple Choice

Which tense do we use in this sentence:

Recently, I (feel) really tired.

• Present Perfect

• Present Perfect Continuous

Multiple Choice

Which tense do we use in this sentence:

Recently, he (break) his arm.

• Present Perfect

• Present Perfect Continuous

Present Perfect Continuous

• Duration from the Past until Now

SEQUENCE OF TENSES

As long as you know the uses of every tense, you know how they behave in sequence

Khái niệm về sự phối hợp thì

Khi câu có nhiều hơn 1 động từ, sự hoà hợp giữa các thì của các động từ được gọi là sự phối hợp thì.

1. Giữa các câu đẳng lập

2 vế câu đứng độc lập => thì của các động từ có thể độc lập với nhau

VD: Last year, he had a car, but now he goes on a motorbike.

2. Giữa các câu có các trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian

when, while, after, before, since, until, as soon as, …

• Tương lai đơn + until / when / as soon as + Hiện tại đơn

• Tương lai đơn + after + Hiện tại hoàn thành

• While / when / as + Quá khứ tiếp diễn, Quá khứ đơn

• Quá khứ đơn + while / when / as + quá khứ tiếp diễn

• Quá khứ tiếp diễn + while + quá khứ tiếp diễn

• Hiện tại hoàn thành + since + quá khứ đơn

• Tương lai hoàn thành + by / by the time + hiện tại đơn

• Quá khứ hoàn thành + by the time / before + quá khứ đơn

• After + quá khứ hoàn thành, quá khứ đơn

•