History of Policing

History of Policing

​The origins

Open Ended

What are you looking forward to learning about in this class?

History of Policing

Section One

England

• Early England used groups of citizens called the Night Watch to roam the streets looking for trouble.

• The Frankpledge system replaced the night watch system, requiring all adults males to help protect their communities.

• They only looked for two crimes: theft and murder

• If they saw something they would scream for the other men to help.

Early England Communities

• 10 families were grouped together into a tithing

• 10 tithings were called a Parish

• Several Parishes were called a Shire

• Shire's are what we now refer to as a county

• The term Sheriff comes from this. Shire-reeve means keeper of the Shire.

A New Era

• In 1735, two of London's Parishes were authorized to begin paying their watchmen out of tax collections.

• In 1749 Henry Fielding established the Bow Street Runners.

• They are known as the first detective unit.

The Metropolitan Police Act

• In 1829, Sir Robert Peel was able to get the Metropolitan Police Act passed into parliament.

• The resorted in the Metropolitan Police Force being formed.

• It is believed to be the world's first organized police force.

• Broke London into 17 divisions.

• Officers were known as Bobbies

• Became the model for American policing.

America

Policing comes to America

Pre-Policing Era 1776-1840

• Before any formal police departments were formed.

• Churches were heavily involved.

• Slave patrols.

• ​First police force established in New York City.

The Political Era 1840-1930

• Police worked directly for politicians

• Worked close with community members.

• Had a large amount of discretion.

The Reform Era 1930-1980

• Focused on cleaning up corruption

• August Vollmer, the police chief of the Berkley Police Department is known as the father of police administration. He promoted a professional model of policing.

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The Community Era 1980-2000

• Problem Oriented Policing

• Proactive policing (crime prevention)

The Homeland Security Era 2001-Present

• Response to 9/11

• Crime control and intelligence gathering

Multiple Choice

What early England law enforcement organization is known as the "first detectives"?

• The Detectives

• The Metropolitan Police

• The Bow Street Runners

• Shire Reeves

Multiple Choice

What organization became the model for American policing?

• The Shire Reeves

• The Metropolitan Police

• The Peelians

• The Bow Street Runners

Multiple Choice

In what city was the first American police force established?

• Boston

• Austin

• Chicago

• New York

Assignment

Watch the movie and answer the question.

Open Ended

Write a paragraph (at least 5 sentences) explaining what changes you feel the Newark Police Department could make that would improve how they police and their relationship with the community without compromising officer safety?