Rural Development-2

Rural Development-2

Indian Economic Development

Multiple Choice

Banks need to change to _______________ banking

• cooperative

• relationship

• rural

Multiple Choice

NABARD was setup in __________

• 1962

• 1972

• 1982

• 1992

The Poor Women's Bank

'Kudumbashree' is a women-oriented community based poverty reduction programme being implented in Kerala.

In 1995, a thrift and credit society was started as a small savings bank for poor women with the objectives to encourage savings.

Rs. 1 crore as thrift savings were mobilised.

It is the largest informal bank in Asia in terms of participation and savings mobilised.

Agricultural Market System

Agricultural marketing involves- assembling, storage, processing, transportation, packaging, grading and distribution of agriculture goods

Prior to independence-

• Traders used faulty weighing and manipulated accounts of farmers

• Farmers forced to sell at low prices as they did not had information of prevailing prices in markets

• Lack of storage facilities (10 percent of goods produced in farms wasted)

Measures taken by the government to improve agricultural marketing system

• Regulation of markets (mandis)- It has benefitted both the farmers and consumers. Still 27000 rural periodic markets need to be developed as regulated market place

• Provision of infrastructure- roads, godowns, warehouse, cold storage & processing units have been scaled up. Still they are not sufficient and need more investment.

Multiple Choice

Full form of PDS

• Public Development System

• Public Distribution System

• Private Distribution System

Multiple Choice

Full form of MSP

• Maximum Support Price

• Mandated Support Price

• Minimum Support Price

• Market Support Price

Measures taken by the government to improve agricultural marketing system

• Cooperative marketing- Milk cooperatives have been a big success.

• MSPs, buffer stock and distribution of food grains through PDS

• Still private trade dominates

Multiple Choice

Which milk cooperative brought white revolution in India?

• Mother Dairy

• Parag

• Gyan

• Amul

Poll

Do you think that government should stop Public Distribution system.

• Yes

• No

Alternative Marketing Channels

• Apni mandi- Punjab, Haryana & Rajasthan

• Hadaspar Mandi- Pune

• Rythu Bazars- Andhra Pradesh

• Uzhavar Sandies- Tamil Nadu

• Several national corporations and MNCs entering into contracts with farmers- they reduce price risks of farmers

Diversification into Productive Activities

• Needed to reduce risk in depending exclusively on farming for livelihood

• Two aspects-

  * Change in cropping pattern

  * Shifting workforce (due to overcrowding) from agriculture to allied and non-agriculture sector

• Provide productive sustainable livelihood options to rural people

• Agro-processing industries, leather industry, tourism, pottery, crafts, handloom etc.

Animal Husbandry

• It includes goat, buffalo, sheep etc

• Livestock provides increased stability in income, food security, transport

• It provides livelihood to 70 million small and marginal farmers and landless labourers

• In 2012, 300 million cattle including 108 million buffalo

• From 1960-2002, milk production increased four times due to white revolution (operation flood)

• Meat, eggs, wool and other by-products are also emerging.

Fisheries

• Fish production from

  ▪       Inland sources-65%

  ▪       Marine sector- 35%

• Share in GDP- 0.9%

• Kerala, Gujarat, Maharashtra And Tamil Nadu major producers

• Common features among fish-workers families- illiteracy, poverty, underemployment, low per capita earnings, indebtedness

• Women in fishing-

  ▪       60% of the workforce in export marketing

  ▪       40% of the workforce in internal marketing

• Need for cooperatives and SHGs

Horticulture

• Fruits, vegetables, flowers, medicinal & aromatic plants, spices

• 1991-2003 golden revolution

• Planned investment became highly productive

• Sustainable livelihood option

• It contributes nearly 1/3rd value of agriculture output and 6% of GDP

• India world leader in producing variety of fruits

• Second largest producer of fruits and vegetables

• Flower harvesting, nursery maintenance, hybrid seed production and tissue culture are remunerative employment options

Quiz Time

Get set go ......

Multiple Choice

Which one is correctly matched?

• Apni Mandi- Pune

• Hadaspur Mandi- Haryana

• Uzhavar Sandies- Tamil Nadu

• Rythu Bazars- Tamil Nadu

Multiple Choice

In which state was 'Kudambashree' started?

• Andhra Pradesh

• Kerala

• Tamil Nadu

• Karnataka

Multiple Choice

Contribution of Horticulture in GDP is

• 4%

• 5%

• 6%

• 7%

Multiple Choice

Agriculture diversification relates to change in cropping pattern only

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Which one of the states is not the leading producers in fishing?

• Tamil Nadu

• Karnataka

• Gujarat

• Maharashtra