MARINE PROCESSES

MARINE PROCESSES AND ASSOCIATED LANDFORMS

NATURE OF SEA WAVES

Sea waves are defined as undlulations of sea water characterised by well developed crests and troughs.

CREST is the upper part, TROUGH is the lower part.

Horizontal distance between two successive crests/troughs is WAVELENGTH.

Vertical distance between crest and trough is HEIGHT.

THE PROCESS OF 'BREAKING' OF WAVES-

Motion of waves is transmitted by circular movement of individual water particles.

Poll

DO WAVES EXIST EVEN IN THE DEEPEST PARTS OF THE OCEAN?

• YES

• NO

THERE IS NO PROGRESSIVE FORWARD MOTION OF WATER PARTICLES IN DEEP WATER. THUS, NO WAVES ARE OBSERVED WITH INCREASING DEPTH FROM THE SURFACE OF OCEANS.

COASTLINE AND SHORELINE

Poll

IDENTIFY THE FEATURE-

• COASTLINE

• SHORELINE

Poll

IDENTIFY THE FEATURE HIGHLIGHTED IN NEON GREEN

• COASTLINE

• SHORELINE

SUBMERGENT COASTLINES

SUBMERGED UPLAND COASTS

• Formed either due to submergence of land or by a rise in sea level. TYPES:

• 1. FIORD/FJORD COAST- formed due to partial submergence of a glaciated area of high relief. It has long, narrow and deep inlets with steep slope. Characterised by small hilly areas. E.G. NORWAY, GREENLAND, CHILE

• 2. RIA COAST- formed due to partial submergence of river valleys which are not affected by glaciers. They have gentle slope. Ridges almost perpendicular to coast. E.G. IRELAND

• 3. DALMATION COAST- formed due to submergence of mountain ridges running parallel to sea coast. Higher portions of ridges rise above sea level giving rise to several island. E.G. YUGOSLAVIA

FJORD COAST IN NORWAY

RIA COAST OF IRELAND

DALMATINON COAST OF YUGOSLAVIA

Poll

IDENTIFY THE FEATURE-

• FJORD COAST

• RIA COAST

Poll

IDENTIFY THE FEATURE-

• RIA COAST

• FJORD COAST

SUBMERGED LOWLAND COASTS

• Formed due to submergence of lowlands.

• They are free from indentations.

• They have bars (embankments formed due to depositional work of waves) running parallel to the coast enclosing lagoons.

• E.G. Baltic coast of EUROPE.

Poll

COASTS FREE FROM INDENTATIONS ARE CALLED-

• SUBMERGED LOWLAND COASTS

• SUBMERGED UPLAND COASTS

Poll

UPPER PART OF A SEA WAVE IS CALLED-

• CREST

• TROUGH

Poll

BOUNDARY OF A CONTINENT/ISLAND IS CALLED-

• COASTLINE

• SHORELINE

Poll

WHICH PLACE IS MOST FAMOUS FOR DALMATION COASTLINE?

• ITALY

• YUGOSLAVIA

• FINLAND

• NORWAY

Poll

WHICH COAST OF INDIA IS A COAST OF EMERGENCE?

• WEST COAST OF INDIA

• EAST COAST OF INDIA

LOCATION OF BALTIC SEA IN THE WORLD MAP

SATELLITE IMAGERY SHOWING PROGRESSION OF SUBMERGENCE OF REGION AROUD BALTIC SEA

EMERGENT COASTLINES

• Formed either by an uplift of the land or by lowering of he level of sea.

• It has bars, spits, lagoons, marshes, beaches, sea-cliffs, arches.

• EAST COAST OF INDIA- Coast of emergence (depth is not as great, thus, not many natural harbours found here). Chennai is an artifical harbour.

• WEST COAST OF INDIA- Both submergence and emergence. (Northern portion- submergence, southern portion- emergence)

• Such coasts which have undergone both SUBMERGENCE and EMERGENCE are called COMPOUND COASTS.