Endogenic Processes - Orogeny (St. Maria Goretti)

Endogenic Processes

by Cecelia Cortes

​What are endogenic processes?

​These are processes that occur beneath the surface of the earth.

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​These processes are associated with the energy coming from the interior layers.

Open Ended

What are the interior layers of the earth? 

Multiple Choice

Which layer has these characteristics?

- composed of rocks

- around 5 - 70 km thick

• Crust

• Inner Core

• Mantle

• Outer Core

Multiple Choice

Which layer has these characteristics?

- it comprises more than 82% of Earth's volume

- divided into two based on the composition (sphere of rock and weak sphere)

• Crust

• Inner Core

• Mantle

• Outer Core

Multiple Choice

Which layer has these characteristics?

- it is a liquid layer that is rich in iron

- generates the Earth's magnetic field

• Crust

• Inner Core

• Mantle

• Outer Core

Multiple Choice

Which layer has these characteristics?

- the iron in this layer is solid

- produces immense pressure to sustain gravity

• Crust

• Inner Core

• Mantle

• Outer Core

Open Ended

Why do we need to understand the composition of each layer? How do the processes that generate in the interior layers contribute in shaping the Earth's surface?

​Exogenic Processes can be described as...

​1. Slow Movements (Diastrophism / Orogeny and Epeirogeny)

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​2. Sudden Movements

​What is Orogenesis?

​Orogenesis comes from the latin word 'oros' which means mountain and 'genesis' which means origin or creation.

Multiple Choice

Orogenic movements lead to deformation of crust due to tectonic stress. What are the two forces which caused the deformation of crust?

• Tension and Reaction

• Reaction and Friction

• Tension and Compression

• Compression and Reaction

Multiple Choice

Compression force causes rocks or rock layers to ____.

• break

• fold

• deform

• snap

Multiple Choice

What geologic features are formed due to compression force?

• Plateaus and Volcanoes

• Mountains, Ridges, and Valleys

• Mountains and Volcanoes

• Ridges and Plateaus

Multiple Choice

Tension force caused the upwards or downward movements of rock or rock layers. The displacement of rock layers caused the formation of _____ and _____.

• faults and folds

• cracks and folds

• faults and cracks

• folds and faults

Multiple Choice

What geologic features are formed due to tension force?

• Rift Valleys and Mountain Ranges

• Block Mountains and Mountain Ranges

• Rift Valleys and Volcanoes

• Block Mountains and Rift Valleys

Open Ended

When tectonic plates interact with each other, it causes the generation of compression or tension force. Which interior layer causes the movement of tectonic plates?

Open Ended

What certain features in the mantle caused the movement of tectonic plates?

Open Ended

How do orogenic movements help shape the surface of Earth?