Modals and Semi Modals

Modals and Semi Modals

by Teacher Mira

​By the end of today's lesson, you should be able to

1. ​classify the examples of modals and semi modals to their

   categories

2. ​construct sentences by using modal verbs

3. ​apply the correct modal to the sentences through multiple

4. choice questions.

What should I do?

​

1. ​I should make posters and spread them around

2. ​I should ask around the neighborhood

​Modals and Semi-Modals

1. ​Modals = a type of auxiliary (helping) verb that is used to express ability, possibility, permission or obligation.

2. ​Semi-modals = express the same things as modals, but are a combination of auxiliary verbs and the preposition to.

3. ​​Examples of modal verbs:

​

​

​

​

• ​can, could, may, able to

• ​can't, couldn't, mustn't

• ​​should, ought to

• ​​​shouldn't

• ​​might

• ​​must, have to

• ​needn't, don't

​= boleh

​= tidak boleh

= ​seharusnya, sepatutnya

= tidak patut

​= mungkin

​= mesti,

​= tidak perlu

​Categories of Modal Verbs

​Possibility and certainty

​kemungkinan dan keyakinan

​

​could, may, must, might

Permission and Request

izin dan permintaan

​

​can, could, may

Ability

​kebolehan

​

​can, can't, could, couldn't, able to​

Advice and suggestions

​nasihat dan cadangan

​

​should, shouldn't, ought to

Necessity, Obligation, and Prohibition

​keperluan, kewajipan dan larangan

​must, musn't, have to

Lack of obligation or necessity.

​tidak wajib dan tidak perlu.

​needn't, don't

​___________________________________________________________

__________________________

__________________________

​___________________________________________________________

​Categories of Modal Verbs

Permission and Request

izin dan permintaan

​

1. Can I go to the birthday         party, please?

2. ​You can borrow my book if   you like.

3. ​Could you open the door   please?

4. ​May we have another apple,   please?

5. ​You may leave when you     finish the test

Necessity, Obligation, and Prohibition

(​keperluan, kewajipan dan larangan)​

​

1. ​I must make some cupcakes   for your birthday   party.

2. ​You have to be at the train   station by 10 o'clock.

3. ​You mustn't leave your   bags  here.

Lack of obligation or necessity.

(​tidak wajib dan tidak perlu)

​

1. ​You needn't buy any chicken     because there's some in the   freezer.

2. ​We don't have to go to the   park if you don't want to.

__________________________

__________________________

​___________________________________________________________

Multiple Choice

Is it OK if I borrow your pencil for a minute?

_______ I borrow your pencil for a minute?

• Should

• Can

• Am I able

Multiple Choice

I'm certain he's in the park because his football boots aren't here.

His football boots aren't here so he _________ in the park.

• must be

• can't be

• might be

Multiple Choice

You are able to join the photography club.

You_________ join the photography club.

• must

• can

• mustn't

Multiple Choice

You ought not to go swimming today.

You ________ go swimming today.

• mustn't

• aren't able to

• shouldn't

Multiple Choice

He was able to play the piano very well when he was younger.

When he was younger, he ________ play the piano very well.

• wasn't able to

• can

• could

Multiple Choice

It's possible that he will have an art exhibition next spring.

He _______ have an art exhibition next spring.

• should

• must

• may

Multiple Choice

I think it's a good idea for you to go outside more.

You _______ go outside more.

• might

• must

• ought to

Multiple Choice

They weren't able to open the window.

They________ open the window.

• couldn't

• can't

• did not