
Prepositions
Presentation
•
English
•
Professional Development
•
Hard
Anastasia Kozlova
Used 2+ times
FREE Resource
21 Slides • 15 Questions
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Prepositions
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Предлог – это служебная часть речи, которая показывает отношения между другими словами в предложении. Это может быть направление, время, место, причина, образ действия и количество. Предлоги не изменяются, не употребляются самостоятельно и не считаются членами предложения.
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Expression of cases of the Russian language by English prepositions
В русском языке отношения между словами чаще всего выражаются с помощью падежей. В английском языке эту роль на себя берут предлоги. В таких случаях английские предлоги не переводятся на русский язык, а соответствующее существительное ставится в нужном падеже (зафиксируйте в тетради).
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Родительный падеж: of («кого? чего?»)
The end of this film is very sad. – У этого фильма очень грустный конец.
Дательный падеж: to («кому? чему?»)
Send it to my secretary immediately. – Немедленно отправьте это моему секретарю.
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Творительный падеж: by («кем? чем?»)
Существительное с предлогом by используется для описания действующего лица или силы.
This birdhouse was made by my dad. – Этот скворечник был сделан моим папой.
Творительный падеж: with («кем? чем?»)
Существительное с предлогом with характеризует инструмент действия.
Such toys are cut with a knife. – Такие игрушки вырезают ножом.
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Предложный падеж: about («о ком? о чем?»)
Tell us more about the sea, what is it like? – Расскажи нам побольше о море – как оно выглядит?
Get ready!
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Fill in the Blanks
Type answer...
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Fill in the Blanks
Type answer...
9
Fill in the Blanks
Type answer...
10
Fill in the Blanks
Type answer...
11
Fill in the Blanks
Type answer...
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Предлоги at, in, on для выражения места
Самые распространенные простые предлоги английского языка – это at, in, on. Эти предлоги используются, когда мы хотим указать время или место. Существует ряд стандартных сочетаний, в которых используются эти предлоги.
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По общему правилу мы используем:
1) at для указания пункта
at home
at the top
at work
at the bottom
at school
at the side
at university
at reception
at college
When will you arrive at the office?
Jane is waiting for you at the bus stop.
When will you arrive at the office?
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По общему правилу мы используем:
2) in для указания замкнутого пространства.
in
in a car
in the newspaper
in a taxi
in the sky
in a helicopter
in a row
in a boat
Do you work in an office?
I have a meeting in New York.
Jupiter is in the Solar System.
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По общему правилу мы используем:
3) on для указания поверхности.
The author’s name is on the cover of the book.
There are no prices on this menu.
You are standing on my foot.
on a bus
on a horse, on an elephant
on a train
on the radio, on television
on a plane
on the left, on the right
on a ship
on the way
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Предлоги at, in, on для выражения времени
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Мы НЕ используем предлоги at, in, on со словами last, next, every, this.
I went to London last June.
He’s coming back next Tuesday.
I go home every Easter.
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Get ready!
19
Multiple Choice
Do you live _ Japan?
at
in
on
nothing
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Multiple Choice
There was a ‘no smoking’ sign _ the wall
at
in
on
nothing
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Multiple Choice
The shop is _ the end of the street
at
in
on
nothing
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Fill in the Blanks
Type answer...
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Multiple Choice
Where will you be _ New Year’s Day?
at
in
on
nothing
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Multiple Choice
Jane went home _ lunchtime
at
in
on
nothing
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Multiple Choice
We’ll call you this _ evening.
at
in
on
nothing
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Multiple Choice
There should be a lot of progress _ the next century
at
in
on
nothing
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Другие часто встречающиеся простые предлоги – about, by, from, for, to, of, with, after, before, since, etc.
About
I would like to tell you about the harm of smoking. (Обозначение темы разговора)
This watermelon weighs about 6 kilograms. (Приблизительная оценка)
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​
By
I’ve started my business by selling oranges. (Средство или способ совершения действия)
The plane will land by midnight. (Срок, до которого должно быть завершено некое действие)
I know a lovely place by the lake nearby. (Место)
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​
For
We’ve decorated the room for your return. (Цель)
You did not even thank us for all our help. (Компенсация/цена)
I was on vacation for last 3 weeks. (Продолжительность времени)
Can I sing a short song for you? (Объект, для или в пользу которого совершается действие)
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​
From
I didn’t hear from him for 2 years. (Направление действия)
This bank is working from 9 to 6. (Стартовый момент выполнения действия)
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To
Throw the ball to me! (Направление)
Our daughter loves to sing to us. (Лицо, на которое направлено действие)
Of
One of your children has broken my window. (Один объект из группы)
Such huts are made of clay. (Материал)
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With
Cars with large wheels are designed for off-road driving. (Наличие чего-либо или соучастие)
After
After you finish lunch you can have a dessert. (Время в значении «после»)
Don’t run, the dogs will run after us. (Место в значении «вслед, за»)
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Get ready!
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Open Ended
Fill in the blanks with the prepositions of time in, on, at where necessary.
1)I usually finish work early ___ Friday. I don't work ___ the weekend. 2. Let's meet ___ five ___ Sunday, July 14. 3. I am busy ___ the moment. Come ___ ten minutes' time, please. 4. There was a boat race in Southampton ___ Easter Day. A lot of people usually come there ___ Easter to see the race. 5. Can you imagine what the world will be ___ the year 2100? 6. When will you have your holiday, ___ winter or ___ summer? — I'll have it late ___ August. 7. We started off ___ midnight and reached the place of destination ___ twelve hours ___ noon. 8. I was in France in 1997. ___ that time I was working as a waiter in a small cafe. 9. ___ the age of sixteen he left his parents' house. 10. ___ her wedding day she got up ___ dawn. 11. You must come and have tea with us ___ next Thursday. Are you free ___ Thursday? 12. I received a lot of presents ___ my birthday. 13. Leonardo da Vinci lived and worked __ the Middle Ages. 14. ___ every day he got up early ___ the morning and went to bed late ___ night.
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Open Ended
Translate the sentences.
1. I usually finish work early ___ Friday. I don't work ___ the weekend. 2. Let's meet ___ five ___ Sunday, July 14. 3. I am busy ___ the moment. Come ___ ten minutes' time, please. 4. There was a boat race in Southampton ___ Easter Day. A lot of people usually come there ___ Easter to see the race. 5. Can you imagine what the world will be ___ the year 2100? 6. When will you have your holiday, ___ winter or ___ summer? — I'll have it late ___ August. 7. We started off ___ midnight and reached the place of destination ___ twelve hours ___ noon. 8. I was in France in 1997. ___ that time I was working as a waiter in a small cafe. 9. ___ the age of sixteen he left his parents' house. 10. ___ her wedding day she got up ___ dawn. 11. You must come and have tea with us ___ next Thursday. Are you free ___ Thursday? 12. I received a lot of presents ___ my birthday. 13. Leonardo da Vinci lived and worked __ the Middle Ages. 14. ___ every day he got up early ___ the morning and went to bed late ___ night.
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Thank you for the lesson!
Prepositions
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