MODALS OF PERMISSION, OBLIGATION, PROHIBITION

MODALS OF PERMISSION, OBLIGATION, PROHIBITION

​

​Let's check what you know!

Multiple Choice

1.    There’s a lot of distractions coming from passing vehicles. _____ Lena close the door?

• must

• could

• would

• can

Multiple Choice

Serena can’t get a connection on her gadget. _____ she borrow yours?

• have to

• may

• can

• would

Multiple Choice

Caren _____ start investing now if she wants to retire soon. 

• can

• may

• would

• have to

Multiple Choice

Stanley _____ come to the session but his presence would lighten the mood if

           he’s there.

• couldn't

• can't

• musn't

• don't have to

Multiple Choice

Ethan _____ stay overtime in the office today rather than going and working

           in the office this weekend.

• must

• have to

• could

• would

Multiple Choice

I believe I ____ finish these tasks before the deadline.

• may

• would

• could

• have to

Multiple Choice

Jayson _____ be at the airport at least two hours before his flight

• has to

• can

• may

• would

Multiple Choice

Considering the event’s formality, the winners _____ wear their formal attire

             for the awarding.

• could

• must

• can

• would

Multiple Choice

It’s a controlled room. Unauthorized persons _____ come inside.

• don't have to 

• can't 

• wouldn't 

• couldn't

Multiple Choice

The invitation says that you _____ only bring two guests with you to the

          wedding. 

• have to

• can

• may

• could

​Modals

• ​are auxiliary or helping verbs

  ​

• ​They may be used in expressing permission, obligation and prohibition.

Fill in the Blanks

Fill in the Blanks

​Modals of Permission

​Permission is an act of giving consent or authorization. In stating permission, modals to be used include can, could and may. 

​

​1. Can is used to ask for and give permission.

​Modals of Permission

Could is also used as a more polite and more formal modal in asking permission (which may not be given). ​

Fill in the Blanks

​Modals of Permission

​May is the most polite and formal modal used in asking and giving permission.  

Fill in the Blanks

​Modals of Prohibition

• ​Prohibition is the act of disallowing or prohibiting someone in performing or doing something.

• ​Modals showing prohibition include can’t and must not/ mustn’t.  

​Modals of Prohibition

Can’t is used in dealing with something against rules, laws and signs. This is used when the speaker is not the one who sets the rules. 

​Modals of Prohibition

​Must Not/Mustn’t is used in dealing with something that is not permitted.  In this context, it is the speaker who sets the rules. 

​Modals of Obligation

• ​expresses commitment or duty

• ​Modals used in expressing obligation include have to (has to) and must.

​Modals of Obligations

Has/Have to is used when obligation comes not from the speaker.

The obligation is set by an authority, rule or law. ​

​Modals of Obligation

​Must is used when expressing obligation comes from the speaker or from an authority.

​Modals of Obligation

​No obligation expresses the absence of commitment or duty as one may do it or not.

​

Don’t (doesn’t) have to is used to express no obligation.

ACTIVITY!

​