Lesson 4

Lesson 4

"Classification of Law"

​Classification of law - классификация права

​A classification is a division or category in a system which divides things into groups or types.

​Aspects of law - аспекты, виды права

​Here, aspects are parts or areas

​Legal principals - правовые принципы, нормы

principles underlying the formulation of jurisprudence - принципы, лежащие в основе формирования судебной практики

​Rules of law - нормы права, правовые нормы

a state of order in which events conform to the law -состояние порядка, при котором события соответствуют закону

​the principle that all people and institutions are subject to and accountable to law that is fairly applied and enforced;

​VIDEO

​While watching the video take notes of principles of rule of law

​LEGAL PROCEDURE - судопроизводство, судебный процесс

a ​procedure that is conducted according to the law

​TO CONDUCT A TRIAL - вести судебный процесс

​to organize and carry out a formal meeting in a law court, at which a judge and jury listen to evidence and decide whether a person is guilty of a crime.

​TO TAKE AN APPEAL - подать апелляцию

An appeal is a formal request for a decision to be changed.​

TO ENFORCE JUDGEMENT - приводить в исполнение судебное решение​

If people in authority enforce a judgement, they make sure that a decision made by a judge or by a court of law is obeyed.​

​PROCEDURAL LAW - процессуальное право

​A body of law that sets forth the methods, rules, and procedures for court cases.

TO ENFORCE AND PROTECT RIGHTS - обеспечивать соблюдение прав и защищать права​

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TO BREACH AN AGREEMENT - нарушать договор​

If you breach an agreement, a law, or a promise, you break it.​

​TO BE ENTITLED TO DAMAGES - иметь право на компенсацию убытков

qualified to receive compensation, entitled to reparation

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qualified правомочный, обладающий правом​

entitled имеющий право; управомоченный​

reparation компенсация, возмещение​

Public law - публичное право, общественное право​

​the branch of law that deals with relations between a state and its individual members

Private law - частное право​

The part of the law that deals with such aspects of relationships between individuals that are of no direct concern to the state.

Constitutional law - конституционное право

An area of law dealing with the interpretation and application of the powers, rights, and freedoms established by a formally adopted constitution or charter. It encompasses the powers of the various branches of government and the rights of the people.

to be concerned with - быть озабоченным, заниматься чем-либо

relate to; be about

Administrative law - административное право

The branch of public law governing the exercise of powers and duties by public authorities

If someone administers something such as a country, the law, or a test, they take responsibility for organizing and supervising it.​

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the multitude of administrative agencies - большое количество административных учреждение

Criminal law - уголовное право

a system of law concerned with the punishment of those who commit crimes

general maxim -

общее правило поведения, общий правовой принцип

to provide punishment for violation of law - установить наказание за нарушение закона

Time to read some paragraphs,

answer the questions and

add some points to your MM​

to encompass the subject - охватывать, включать вопросы ...

If something encompasses particular things, it includes them.

tort [tɔːt] - деликат, гражданское правонарушение

a wrongful act or an infringement of a right (other than under contract) leading to legal liability

property (property law)- собственность, (право собственности)

Anything that can be owned. A distinction is made between real property (land and incorporeal hereditaments) and personal property (all other kinds of property including intellectual property)

law of contract - договорное право

is a body of law that governs, enforces, and interprets agreements related to an exchange of goods, services, properties, or money.

subject of sale -

предмет продажи

commercial paper - оборотный документ

agency - орган, агентство, учреждение

An agency is a government organization responsible for a certain area of administration.

business organization - деловая, тоговая организация

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it;

business law - право, регулирующее область деловых отношений; право торгового оборота

Business law, which is also referred to as commercial law, is the group of rules that governs the dealings between individuals or companies involved in commercial matters

Time to read some paragraphs,

answer the questions and

add some points to your MM​

law of torts - деликтное право

1. An area of law that deals with the wrongful actions of an individual or entity, which cause injury to another individual’s or entity’s person, property, or reputation, and which entitle the injured party to compensation.

source of litigation - источник судебного спора

1. the root of the process of fighting or defending a case in a civil court of law.

wrong - правонарушение, деликт, вред

a bad, immoral, or unjust thing or action

to predicate upon - основываться на

to compensate smb for the loss - компенсировать убытки кому-либо

​To compensate someone for money or things that they have lost means to pay them money or give them something to replace that money or those things.

private property - частная собственность

basic ingredient - основная составная часть

will - воля, завещание

A will is a document in which you declare what you want to happen to your money and property when you die.

trust - вера, доверие, доверительная собственность

estate in land - право на недвижимость

personal property - движимое имущество, личное имущество

bailment - аренда, залог, ссуда, передача вещи в завимое держание

The transfer of the possession of goods by the owner (the bailor) to another (the bailee) for a particular purpose.

Time to read some paragraphs,

answer the questions and

add some points to your MM​