APHuG Unit 1 Topic 1.6 Scales of Analysis

APHuG Unit 1 Topic 1.6 Scales of Analysis

by Brittni Beeson

​Objective

​

​I will be able to define scales of analysis used by geographers and explain what scales of analysis reveal.

​

​I should be able to DO:

​I should be able to KNOW:

​Topics for Scales of Analysis

• ​Distance vs. Proximity

• ​Density and Distribution

• ​Scale

  • ​Cartographic

  • ​Geographic

​Distance vs. Proximity

​Distance: a measurement of how near or how far things are from one another.

• ​measured in meters, miles, or kilometers.

​

​Proximity: indicates the degree of nearness

• ​​uses words like close, adjacent, near, far, etc.

Thinking Spatially

• Space: the area between objects or places

• Thinking spatially (about space, or with space in mind) means that we have to consider how that distance affects the objects.

​Density and Distribution

​Density

• ​Density: the frequency with which something occurs in space

  • ​can measure people, disease, or practically anything you can think of

Open Ended

How much density do you see of red on the map?

How much density do you see of blue on the map?

​Concentration

• ​Concentration: the proximity of the density

  • ​clustered - close together

  • ​dispersed - spread apart

Open Ended

In what direction are the red dots clustered?

In what direction are the red dots dispersed?

​Pattern

• ​Pattern: geometric arrangement of objects in space

  • ​organized

  • ​not organized

  • ​Ex. Think of desks in a classroom

​All Locations Are Interrelated

• ​Scale: The relationship between the portion of the Earth being studied and the Earth as a whole

• ​All maps have scale.

SCALE

TWO types of Scale:

 (1) Cartographic Scale - the measurement on a map (ratio of space on map to space on the globe)

(2) Geographic Scale - hierarchy of spaces.​

Let's Look at Some Examples

of Cartographic Scale​

Maps have different scales

• ​large-scale maps: cover a small area but shows many details

• ​small-scale maps: cover a large area but includes few details

Scales are shown on ALL maps!

• a scale is usually shown in inches

• one inch on the map represents a much 

  larger distance on Earth, such as a number of miles

• the scale of a map should be appropriate for its purpose

• For example, a tourist map of Washington D.C. should be large-scale, showing every street name, monument, and museum.

• Maps of any scale also show geographic patterns

• The map of Washington D.C. , for example, would show that many government buildings are in one area in that city

Think of the map you just looked at..

That map is a small-scale map. The countries look small because the map is showing a big area. Small-scale maps are useful for showing vast regions, such as entire continents or many countries. This small-scale map shows all 13 independent countries in the Caribbean, plus the U.S. territory of Puerto Rico. This allows you to see their location in relation to North America and South America.

Think of the map you just looked at..

That map is a large-scale map. The countries appear larger and in greater detail because a much more limited area is shown. Large-scale maps are useful for showing a lot of detail, such as national capitals and cities, and even streets, parks, and other features of a single neighborhood or community. The large-scale map zooms in on a group of islands known as the Greater Antilles (an-TIH-leez). The Greater Antilles include Cuba, the Cayman Islands, Jamaica, Haiti, the Dominican Republic, and Puerto Rico. The eight smaller Caribbean nations that lie east of the Greater Antilles are known as the Lesser Antilles. The islands on this map appear large, making it possible to include more information, such as the location of capital cities and various bodies of water. 

Multiple Choice

What is the purpose of a map scale?

• To weigh the political power of the states
• To show where things are located on the map
• Compare the distance measured on the map to the actual distance on Earth
• To show how large the map is

Multiple Choice

How many miles would 4 inches be equal to?

• 2
• 400
• 4000
• 4

Multiple Choice

Is this a large or small scale map?

• Large

• Small

Multiple Choice

Is this a large or small scale map?

• Large

• Small

Multiple Choice

Is this a large or small scale map?

• Large

• Small

SCALE

GEOGRAPHIC SCALE -Refers to a conceptual hierarchy of spaces, from small to large that reflects actual levels of organization in the real world.

Make sure you turn in Cornell Notes

to your folder​!