Chapter 11 lesson 2 Governing Rome

Chapter 11 lesson 2 Governing Rome

by Soumaya Trimech

​How did conflict between classes change Rome’s government?

​Roman society: was divided into two main social classes: Plebeians and Patricians.

​

Patricians were wealthy landowners who held government offices.

Most people were plebeians—shopkeepers, artisans, and small farmers. Patricians and plebeians could not marry each other.

• ​Roman government: the consul (administrative and military), the praetors (judicial), and the Senate and the Assembly of Centuries (legislative).

• Conflict between the social classes threatened collapse of the empire and resulted in the Council of Plebs.

• Cincinnatus, a farmer, fulfilled his civic duty when he was called to rule as dictator during an emergency.

• In 451 b.c., Rome created its first written code of laws, the Twelve Tables. The Roman rule of law is the basis of different legal system today in the world.

• To ​veto to reject or say no to

The Republican Government

​The Roman government had three parts.

​1- The administrative and military : The top leaders were two consuls who served for one year. One consul headed the army. The other headed the rest of the government.

​2-The legislative branch: Rome had two legislative bodies, or groups that made laws. The Senate was made up of 300 patrician men. They were senators for life. The second group that made laws was the Assembly of Centuries. In 494 b.c., the plebeians went on strike so to prevent the collapse of the republic, plebeians were allowed to set up the Council of Plebs. It elected tribunes.

​3- The Judicial branch: (or judges). Roman praetors and interpreted laws could lead armies and help run the government.

Multiple Choice

What were wealthy landowners called who made up Rome's ruling class?

• Plebeians

• Aristocrats

• Patricians

Multiple Choice

What commoners such as artisans shopkeepers, and owners of small farms were called

• Aristocrats

• Slaves

• Plebeians

• Patricians

Multiple Choice

The government of the Roman Republic was organized into ____ branches.

• two

• four

• three

Multiple Choice

The Roman Republic was headed by two ____.

• consuls

• legions

• dictator

Multiple Choice

----------------------- government officials who interpret the law and serve as judges

• The Senate

• The praetors

• The consuls

• The Tribunes

Multiple Choice

A ruler with complete control over the state .

It is still used till today , but in Rome it was just called during emergency time.

• A consul

• A dictator 

• A senator 

• A

Multiple Choice

Civic duty is the idea that citizens have the responsibility to help their country.

• True

• False

​Rome's Law

​In 451 b.c. Rome adopted its first written laws, known as the Twelve Tables. They were carved on bronze tablets and placed in the marketplace where everyone could see them. The Twelve Tables were based on the idea that all citizens should be treated equally under the law.

​

Rome’s legal system was based on the idea that everyone should be treated equally. This is called “the rule of law.”

Multiple Choice

What idea was the basis for Rome's system of law?

• All citizens should be treated equally under the law.

• Judges should make decisions based on their own beliefs.

• Patricians had special rights as the ruling class.

​Punic Wars

• ​From 264 b.c. to 146 b.c., three Punic Wars were fought between Rome and Carthage to gain control of the Mediterranean region.

• During the second Punic War, Carthage’s general Hannibal and his army took elephants over the Alps and into Italy.

• Rome won all three of the Punic Wars, expanding its territory and power following each war.

• After the Punic Wars, Rome conquered Greece and acquired a province in Asia.

Multiple Choice

Armed conflicts between ancient Rome and Carthage

• Civil War

• Spartan War

• Punic War

Multiple Choice

How many Punic Wars were there?

• Four

• Three

• One

Multiple Choice

5.The first Punic War was about what strategic island?

• Sicily

• Crete

• Sardinia

Multiple Choice

Who was the leader of the Carthaginian army during the 2nd Punic War?

• Hamilcar

• Hannibal

• Julius Caesar

• Scipio

Multiple Choice

What famous journey did Hannibal take in order to invade Italy?

• Crossed the Alps

• Crossed through Sicily

• Crossed the Mediterranean

• Crossed the Tiber River

Multiple Choice

Which of the Punic Wars did Hannibal cross the Alps with elephants?

• First

• Second

• Third

• Fourth

Multiple Choice

After winning several key battles in Italy, which battle was Hannibal's greatest victory?

• Battle of Tiber

• Battle of Tresemme 

• Battle of Cannae

• Battle of Carthage

Multiple Choice

Who ultimately wins the Punic Wars?

• Rome

• Carthage

Multiple Choice

After winning many battles and controlling the Italian countryside, why did Hannibal leave and return to Northern Africa?

• he was homesick

• his army ran out of supplies

• the Romans attacked the city of Carthage

Multiple Choice

What famous Roman general finally defeated Hannibal?

• Julius Caesar

• Pompey

• Hamilcar

• Hamilcar

Multiple Choice

The second Punic war was because both Rome and Carthage wanted to take over

• Greece

• Spain

• Egypt