States of Matter

States of Matter

by Mr. Senghor

​Matter & Kinetic Energy

​The Kinetic Theory of Matter states that the particles that make up matter are always in motion and have kinetic energy. At different states, the particles have different amounts of average kinetic energy. As particles lose or gain energy, they can change into different states.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a part of the Kinetic Theory of Matter?

• All matter is made up of tiny particles.

• Particles are always moving in random paths

• Occasionally, particles stop moving.

• The type of movement of particles depends on the amount of energy.

​Solids

• Solid substances have a definite shape and volume

• Particles cannot move, only vibrate​

• ​Very strong force of attraction between particles allowing solids to maintain their shape

​Liquids

• No definite shape but does have a specific volume

• ​Volume can change slightly based on temperature

• Weak force of attraction between molecules

• ​Particles can move but remain in contact with other particles

​Gases

• No definite shape or volume

• ​Volume can vary widely based on temperature

• ​Almost no force of attraction between molecules

• ​Particles move in all directions and collide with each other and the walls of a container

Multiple Choice

State of matter with a definite volume, but no definite shape.

• solid

• liquid

• gas

​Changes in State of Matter

​Most matter can exist in three different states depending on how much kinetic energy their particles have. An increase or decrease in energy can cause matter to change its state. This energy is most often in the form of thermal energy (heat).

Multiple Choice

Can result from adding or removing thermal energy

• explosion
• change of conservation
• change of state of matter
• Change of Newton's law

How does Matter change state?

• ​Melting - Solid to Liquid

• ​Sublimation - Solid to Gas

• ​Vaporization - Liquid to Gas (could be boiling or evaporation)

• ​Freezing/Solidifying - Liquid to Solid

• ​Condensing - Gas to Liquid

• ​Deposition - Gas to Solid

Multiple Choice

Particles vibrate in place and do not change relative positions.

• solid

• liquid

• gas

Multiple Choice

Particles are widely spaced except when they collide.

• solid

• liquid

• gas

Multiple Choice

What happens to particles when their temperature increases?

• The particles move slower

• The particles move faster

• The particles lose mass

• The particles gain mass

Multiple Choice

Basic state of matter with the least amount of energy.

• solid

• liquid

• gas

Multiple Choice

When water sits in the freezer and freezes into ice, it is because the water has...

• gained mass

• gained energy

• lost mass

• lost energy

Multiple Choice

The AVERAGE kinetic energy of particles in a substance is its...

• Mass

• Volume

• Thermal Energy

• Temperature

Multiple Choice

When air in a hot air balloon is heated the air inside the baloon...

• expands
• contracts
• evaporates
• condenses

Multiple Choice

If an object has particles that are moving very slowly, the object's temperature is probably ______.

• hot
• small
• cold
• big

Multiple Choice

What phase change occurs between points B and C if heat is added?

• Freezing
• Melting
• Boiling
• Condensing

Multiple Choice

Which phase change occurs between points B and C if heat is REMOVED

• Freezing
• Boiling
• Melting
• Condensing

Multiple Choice

Which state of matter exists between point A and B?

• Solid
• Liquid
• Gas

Multiple Choice

Which substance is the gas?

• A
• B
• C