Quantum Numbers

Quantum Numbers

by Jennifer Haycraft

​Quantum Numbers

​There are 4 numbers that describe the location of the electrons in an atom.

• ​Principal Quantum Number

• ​Azimuthal Quantum Number

• ​Magnetic Quantum Number

• ​Spin Quantum Number

​Principal Quantum Number

• ​Symbolized n

• Describes the size of the orbital.

• There are 7 main energy levels.​

• ​Sometimes called shells.

​Azithmual Quantum Number

• ​Symbolized l

• ​Sometimes called Angular Momentum Quantum Number.

• ​Describes the shape of the orbital

  • ​s = sphere

  • ​p = peanut

  • ​d = double peanut

  • ​f = flower

• ​Referred to as sublevels or subshells.

​Magnetic Quantum Number

​Spin Quantum Number

​Electron Configurations

• Electrons reside in the lowest possible energy state available (ground state).

• ​In order to do this, there are a series of rules that must be followed.

​Aufbau Principle

• an electron occupies the lowest energy state available.

• ​Must follow the Diagonal Rule.

• ​You need to know how to draw this pattern.

​Pauli Exclusion Principle

• ​Developed by Wolfgang Pauli

• No two electrons can have the same four quantum numbers.

​Hund's Rule

• Orbitals of equal energy are all occupied by a single electron before any is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals must have the same spin. ​

Open Ended

Draw the electron configuration notation and orbital notation for oxygen.

Multiple Choice

Is this correct?

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

Is this correct?

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

Is this correct?

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

Which Law is violated?

• Hund's Rule

• Aufbau Principle

• Pauli's Exclusion Principle

Multiple Choice

Is this correct?

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

Is this correct?

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

Is this correct?

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

Is this correct?

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

Which Law is violated?

• Hund's Rule

• Aufbau Principle

• Pauli's Exclusion Principle

Multiple Choice

Which law is violated?

• Hund's Rule

• Aufbau Principle

• Pauli Exclusion Principle

Multiple Choice

Is this correct?

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

Is this correct?

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

Is this correct?

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

What element is this?

• Oxygen

• Phosphorus

• Fluorine

• Nitrogen

Multiple Choice

Is this correct?

• Yes

• No