Membrane & Transport Quiz Review

Membrane & Transport Quiz Review

by NATHANAEL ARKFELD

Membranes​

​Cell membrane functions

• ​protect the cell

• ​support the cell

• ​regulate what goes in and out of the cell

​Parts of the Cell Membrane

1. Lipids

2. Carbohydrates

3. ​Proteins

4. ​Cholesterol

​Lipids

A lipid consists of a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail.

​

​Hydrophilic – “water loving”

Hydrophobic – “water hating”

​Carbs, Proteins, and Cholesterol

​Carbohydrates are chains that act like chemical I.D. cards, allowing cells

to identify each other and the adhere to each other

​

​Proteins help molecules pass through the membrane

​

​Cholesterol allows the membrane to be flexible while keeping it strong

​Cell Walls

• ​Cell walls support, shape, and protect the cell - much like membranes

​

• ​Animal cells DO NOT have cell walls – only plants do

​

• ​Cell walls are located outside of the cell membrane in plants​

​

• ​Cell walls are porous - substances that can fit through the holes in the wall are allowed to pass through easily like water, oxygen, and carbon.

Cell Transport

​

​Vocab

Solution - liquid mixture made up of water and solute

​Solute - something that is dissolved into a solution

​Solvent - a solution that dissolves other materials

Passive Transport and Active Transport

​Passive Transport – DOES NOT USE ENERGY also the movement is high to low

​

​Active Transport - USES ENERGY also the movement is low to high

​Passive Transport - Diffusion

​Diffusion is the passive movement of substances across a membrane

​

Both simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion move molecules from an area of high to low concentration

​

​Diffusion occurs until equilibrium (balance) is met

​​Passive Transport - Diffusion vs Facilitated Diffusion

Diffusion – particles passing through a membrane

​

​Facilitated diffusion – particles using a channel to pass through a membrane

​Passive Transport - Osmosis

​Osmosis is the movement of water

​

​Water moves from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

​

​Water requires an aquaporin

​​Passive Transport - Osmosis

​Hypertonic – solution has a high

amount of solute

​

​Hypotonic – solution has a low

amount of solute

​

​Isotonic – solution has equal

amounts of solute

​Passive Transport - Osmosis - Hypertonic

if a cell goes into a hypertonic solution it will shrivel

​​Passive Transport - Osmosis - Hypotonic

​if a cell goes into a hypotonic solution it will expand

​Passive Transport - Osmosis - Isotonic

​if a cell goes into a isotonic solution it will stay the same

Passive Transport - Osmosis - The Cell

​If a cell expands, it is expanding because water is going in it

​

i​f a cell shrivels, it shrivels because water is leaving it

​Active Transport - Molecular Transport

​Small molecules are carried across membranes by proteins

that act like pumps.

​

​An example is the Sodium – Potassium pump.

​

​During molecular transport, proteins change shape to allow

different substances to pass through.

​

​To do this, a molecule called ATP is used

ATP is an energy molecule

​​Active Transport - Bulk Transport

• ​Large molecules can be transported by movements of the

cell membrane known as bulk transport.

• ​Endocytosis – taking material into the cell.

• ​Phagocytosis is a type of endocytosis where the cell wraps

around particles and is then engulfed by the cell.

• ​Exocytosis – releasing material out of the cell.

• ​During exocytosis, a vacuole fuses with the membrane

forcing the contents out of the cell.

Review Time​

Multiple Choice

What are the three functions of the cell membrane?

• protect the cell

  ​support the cell

  ​regulate what goes in and out of the cell

• protect the cell

  ​support the cell

  ​regulate what goes up and down in the cell

• protect the cell

  eat the cell

  ​regulate what goes in and out of the cell

• defend the cell

  ​support the cell

  ​regulate what goes in and out of the cell

Multiple Choice

what are the cell membranes 4 parts

• Lipids

  Carbohydrates

  ​Proteins

  ​Cholesterol

• Liquids

  Carbohydrates

  ​Proteins

  ​Cholesterol

• Lipids

  Carbs

  ​Proteins

  ​Cholesterol

• Lipids

  Carbohydrates

  ​Profoods

  ​Cholesterol

Multiple Choice

What does hydrophilic mean

• water hating

• water loving

Multiple Choice

What does hydrophobic mean

• water loving

• water hating

Multiple Choice

what part of a lipid is hydrophilic?

• head

• tail

Multiple Choice

what part of a lipid is hydrophobic?

• Tail

• head

Multiple Choice

Do plant cells have cell membranes?

• Yes

• no

Fill in the Blanks

How are plant cells different from animal cells?

Multiple Choice

What is a solution?

• liquid mixture made up of water and solute

• lipid mixture made up of water and solute

Multiple Choice

What is a solute?

• something that is dissolved into a solution

• something that is dissolved into a solvent

Fill in the Blanks

What are the two ways in which passive transport differs from active transport?

Multiple Choice

Both simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion move molecules from an area of _____ to _____ concentration

• high to low

• low to high

Fill in the Blanks

Simple and facilitated diffusion move molecules in the same direction, but how are they different?

Multiple Choice

What is osmosis

• is the movement of water

• is the movement of solute

Multiple Choice

what is hypertonic

• solution has a high

  amount of solute

• solution has a high

  amount of water

• solution has a low

  amount of solute

• solution has a low

  amount of water

Multiple Choice

what is hypotonic

• solution has a low

  amount of water

• solution has a low

  amount of solute

• solution has a high

  amount of solute

• solution has a high

  amount of water

Fill in the Blanks

what is isotonic

Multiple Choice

If a cell expands, it is expanding because what is going into it?

• water

• solute

Multiple Choice

If a cell shrivels, it shrivels because what is leaving it?

• solute

• water

Multiple Choice

What are the two types of bulk transport

• Endocytosis

  Exocytosis

• Encytosis

  Excytosis

Multiple Choice

how does endocytosis work

• the cell membrane wraps around the material and brings it in

• the cell membrane wraps around the material and brings it out

Multiple Choice

how does exocytosis work

• the cell membrane wraps around the material and brings it in

• the cell membrane wraps around the material and brings it out

Poll

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