Membrane & Transport Quiz Review

Membrane & Transport Quiz Review

by NATHANAEL ARKFELD

Membranes​

​Cell membrane functions

• ​protect the cell

• ​support the cell

• ​regulate what goes in and out of the cell

​Parts of the Cell Membrane

1. Lipids

2. Carbohydrates

3. ​Proteins

4. ​Cholesterol

​Lipids

A lipid consists of a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail.

​

​Hydrophilic – “water loving”

Hydrophobic – “water hating”

​Carbs, Proteins, and Cholesterol

​Carbohydrates are chains that act like chemical I.D. cards, allowing cells

to identify each other and the adhere to each other

​

​Proteins help molecules pass through the membrane

​

​Cholesterol allows the membrane to be flexible while keeping it strong

​Cell Walls

• ​Cell walls support, shape, and protect the cell - much like membranes

​

• ​Animal cells DO NOT have cell walls – only plants do

​

• ​Cell walls are located outside of the cell membrane in plants​

​

• ​Cell walls are porous - substances that can fit through the holes in the wall are allowed to pass through easily like water, oxygen, and carbon.

Cell Transport

​

​Vocab

Solution - liquid mixture made up of water and solute

​Solute - something that is dissolved into a solution

​Solvent - a solution that dissolves other materials

Passive Transport and Active Transport

​Passive Transport – DOES NOT USE ENERGY also the movement is high to low

​

​Active Transport - USES ENERGY also the movement is low to high

​Passive Transport - Diffusion

​Diffusion is the passive movement of substances across a membrane

​

Both simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion move molecules from an area of high to low concentration

​

​Diffusion occurs until equilibrium (balance) is met

​​Passive Transport - Diffusion vs Facilitated Diffusion

Diffusion – particles passing through a membrane

​

​Facilitated diffusion – particles using a channel to pass through a membrane

​Passive Transport - Osmosis

​Osmosis is the movement of water

​

​Water moves from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

​

​Water requires an aquaporin

​​Passive Transport - Osmosis

​Hypertonic – solution has a high

amount of solute

​

​Hypotonic – solution has a low

amount of solute

​

​Isotonic – solution has equal

amounts of solute

​Passive Transport - Osmosis - Hypertonic

if a cell goes into a hypertonic solution it will shrivel

​​Passive Transport - Osmosis - Hypotonic

​if a cell goes into a hypotonic solution it will expand

​Passive Transport - Osmosis - Isotonic

​if a cell goes into a isotonic solution it will stay the same

Passive Transport - Osmosis - The Cell

​If a cell expands, it is expanding because water is going in it

​

i​f a cell shrivels, it shrivels because water is leaving it

​Active Transport - Molecular Transport

​Small molecules are carried across membranes by proteins

that act like pumps.

​

​An example is the Sodium – Potassium pump.

​

​During molecular transport, proteins change shape to allow

different substances to pass through.

​

​To do this, a molecule called ATP is used

ATP is an energy molecule

​​Active Transport - Bulk Transport

• ​Large molecules can be transported by movements of the

cell membrane known as bulk transport.

• ​Endocytosis – taking material into the cell.

• ​Phagocytosis is a type of endocytosis where the cell wraps

around particles and is then engulfed by the cell.

• ​Exocytosis – releasing material out of the cell.

• ​During exocytosis, a vacuole fuses with the membrane

forcing the contents out of the cell.

Review Time​

Multiple Choice

What are the three functions of the cell membrane?

• protect the cell

  ​support the cell

  ​regulate what goes in and out of the cell

• protect the cell

  ​support the cell

  ​regulate what goes up and down in the cell

• protect the cell

  eat the cell

  ​regulate what goes in and out of the cell

• defend the cell

  ​support the cell

  ​regulate what goes in and out of the cell

Multiple Choice

what are the cell membranes 4 parts

• Lipids

  Carbohydrates

  ​Proteins

  ​Cholesterol

• Liquids

  Carbohydrates

  ​Proteins

  ​Cholesterol

• Lipids

  Carbs

  ​Proteins

  ​Cholesterol

• Lipids

  Carbohydrates

  ​Profoods

  ​Cholesterol

Multiple Choice

What does hydrophilic mean

• water hating

• water loving

Multiple Choice

What does hydrophobic mean

• water loving

• water hating

Multiple Choice

what part of a lipid is hydrophilic?

• head

• tail

Multiple Choice

what part of a lipid is hydrophobic?

• Tail

• head

Multiple Choice

Do plant cells have cell membranes?

• Yes

• no

Multiple Choice

What is a solution?

• liquid mixture made up of water and solute

• lipid mixture made up of water and solute

Multiple Choice

What is a solute?

• something that is dissolved into a solution

• something that is dissolved into a solvent

Multiple Choice

Both simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion move molecules from an area of _____ to _____ concentration

• high to low

• low to high

Multiple Choice

What is osmosis

• is the movement of water

• is the movement of solute

Multiple Choice

what is hypertonic

• solution has a high

  amount of solute

• solution has a high

  amount of water

• solution has a low

  amount of solute

• solution has a low

  amount of water

Multiple Choice

what is hypotonic

• solution has a low

  amount of water

• solution has a low

  amount of solute

• solution has a high

  amount of solute

• solution has a high

  amount of water

Multiple Choice

If a cell expands, it is expanding because what is going into it?

• water

• solute

Multiple Choice

If a cell shrivels, it shrivels because what is leaving it?

• solute

• water

Multiple Choice

What are the two types of bulk transport

• Endocytosis

  Exocytosis

• Encytosis

  Excytosis

Multiple Choice

how does endocytosis work

• the cell membrane wraps around the material and brings it in

• the cell membrane wraps around the material and brings it out

Multiple Choice

how does exocytosis work

• the cell membrane wraps around the material and brings it in

• the cell membrane wraps around the material and brings it out

Poll

did you like the review

• yes

• no

• maybe

• never