1.2 MODALS OF CERTAINTY

Modals of certainty

MODALS OF CERTAINTY

99.9%=MUST

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50%=MIGHT

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0% COULDNT

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​Usamos MIGHT y COULD cuando algo no es seguro

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​Usamos MIGHT NOT para describir algo negativo que no es seguro.

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​Usamos COULD NOT y COULDN'T para decir algo que no era possible en el pasado.

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​Usamos CANNOT y CAN'T cuando estamos seguros que algo es imposible.

ONLY NEED TO ASK A QUESTION

​What happened?

WHAT HAPPENED?

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There must have been a car accident

What happened?

It must have rained last night.

What happened?

He might have left the door open.

What happened?

He might have run out of gasoline.

What did you think they were?

You might have thought they were worms.

Why did she get an F?

She couldn't have been studying last night.

WE ARE 99% SURE

WE USE MUST OR MUST NOT+ HAVE+ PARTICIPLE...

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YOU FAILED IN THE TEXT...YOU MUST NOT HAVE STUDIED..

SOMETHING IS NOT POSSIBLE OR IMPOSSIBLE

WE USE COULD+HAVE+PARTICIPLE

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SHE WENT TO NEW YORK

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SHE COULD NOT HAVE GONE TO THE NEW YORK..I JUST SAW HER TWO HOURS AGO

SOMETHING IS POSSIBLE OR YOUR 50 % SURE.

MIGHT/ COULD+HAVE+PARTICIPLE

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• THE STREETS ARE WET... IT MIGHT HAVE RAINED.

• JOHN IS NOT HERE. HE COULD HAVE STAYED HOME.

Multiple Choice

Maura couldn't keep her eyes open

• She must not have gotten enough sleep

• She must not have gotten water last night.

• She must not have gotten enough hot dogs.

Multiple Choice

Brian got a call and looked worried ...

• He couldn't have heard good news

• He couldn't have heard a good song.

• He couldn't have seen good news

Multiple Choice

. The teacher looks very happy today ..

• He may have gotten a raise.

• He may have gotten a slap in the face.

• He may have gotten a bad news.

Multiple Choice

Jane is in a terrible mood today

• She could have had a fight with her boyfriend.

• She could have had a new car.

• She could have had a great coffee.

Multiple Choice

My cousin is broke again

• She must have spent too much last month.

• She must have gone to NY

• She must have kissed a car.

Multiple Choice

Maura couldn't keep her eyes open

• She must not have gotten enough sleep

• She must not have gotten water last night.

• She must not have gotten enough hot dogs.