The Big Bang

The Big Bang

by Emilia Lopez, Hassan Molina, Martin Arancibia

​To kids from 5th-6th grade

​The creation of the universe

• ​Before the theory of how the universe was created, it was believed that the universe was very cold and dense, and energy was compressed to a very small size.

​What is the Big Bang?

At the very beginning, there was nothing.

Then there was an explosion that created a cloud containing gas and dust.

​What is the Big Bang?

​The dust and gas underwent temperature changes, which caused them to condense into stars, planets and then the entire solar system that we know nowadays.

Stages of the Big Bang ​

• ​1rst, Inflation: The super compressed universe expanded very fast.

• 2 ​Matter formation: This inflating Universe was made up of subatomic particles (such as electrons or quarks) bathed in energy (photons). Within three minutes of the particles cooling down, protons and neutrons were formed.

​Stages of the Big Bang ​

• The ​first Atoms: 300,000 years after the big bang, hydrogen and helium atoms were formed.

​Stages of the Big Bang

• ​​​Fire of the universe: Protons and electrons interfere with photons, and in doing so light can travel freely through space. This is known as the cosmic microwave background

​Stages of the Big Bang ​

• ​Star and galaxy formation: 400,000 years later, denser areas become centres of gravitational attraction. Matter forms around them; nebulae, planets and stars. Then the first galaxies are born.

​Stages of the Big Bang ​

• ​​The last stage, Dark energy: At around 9 billion years the galaxies start to travel faster. The force that accelerates them is the dark energy of nature acting against gravitational attraction.

​The Big Bang according to Albert Einstein

• This theory alludes to the fact that the universe is stationary, (the Universe is infinite, does not change, has no beginning or end and stars, planets and galaxies continue to form from the spontaneous creation of matter).

​The theory of Albert Einstein

The theory of relativity, proposed by Albert Einstein, explains how matter was created and that the effects of gravity give rise to distortions and deformations of what has been called space-time.

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​The Theory of Edwin Hubble

​Hubble's law: the Universe expands like a balloon.

​Edwin Hubble discovered that the further away the galaxy was, the higher its recessional velocity.

This relationship is known as the redshift law or Hubble's law; it determines that the velocity of a galaxy is proportional to its distance.

​The Theory of George Lemaitre

• "Cosmic Egg" is basically based on the fact that billions of years ago the mass of the universe was compressed into a volume larger than the size of the sun, and from this state it expanded to its present state. This confirms Albert Einstein's equations of relativity.​

​How can we realation the three theorys?

3 theories put forward in a span of 15 years, by Einstein proposing that Time and space are relative, Hubble that the Universe is constantly expanding and with Lemaitre's latest theory based on Einstein's theory and Hubble's observations, we can further understand The Big Bang, knowing that Time and space are relative and the Universe is expanding.

​And this was how the universe were created and some of how this theory were complement.

​thanks for read :)