Final review Earth and environmental

Final review Earth and environmental

by Jessica Thomason

Multiple Choice

1. Which of the following is not one of the main areas of earth science?

• physics

• meterology

• hydrology

• geology

Multiple Choice

Earth’s four major spheres are the ____.

• hydrosphere, atmosphere, geosphere, and biosphere

• hydrosphere, asthenosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere

• hydrosphere, atmosphere, asthenosphere, and biosphere

• hydrosphere, geosphere, lithosphere, and asthenosphere

​Info about the 4 spheres

Hydrosphere: oceans, rivers, and groundwater and human impact on them​

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​Geosphere: Earths rocks and minerals

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​Biosphere: all life on earth

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​Atmosphere: variations in atmospheric conditions that produce weather

Multiple Choice

Which of the following Describes Latitude?

• Measures degrees E and W of the Prime meridain

• Measures degrees N and S of the Prime meridian

• Measures degrees E and W of the equator

• Measures degrees N and S of the equator

​Latitude and longitude

Latitude: horizontal parallel lines that measure north and south of the equator

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​Longitude: Vertical lines that intersect at the poles and measure East and West of the Prime meridian

Multiple Choice

Independent variable

• the variable that is kept constant between different groups

• the group that stays the same

• The variable that the scientist changes in the experiment.

• the variable that is measured in an experiment

Multiple Choice

dependent variable

• the variable that is kept constant between different groups

• the group that stays the same

• The thing that the scientist changes in the experiment.

• the thing that is measured in an experiment

Multiple Choice

What is the independent variable in this experiment?

How do fertilizers affect the growth of plants?

• amount of fertilizer

• amount of sunlight

• growth of plant

• type of plant

Multiple Choice

What is the dependent variable in this experiment?

How do fertilizers affect the growth of plants?

• amount of fertilizer

• amount of sunlight

• growth of plant

• type of plant

Multiple Choice

The group you leave alone, that is used as a basis for comparison or a baseline.

• Control

• independent

• dependent

• constant

Multiple Choice

Earth is considered a system because all of its parts

• powered by the same energy system

• were formed at the same time

• represent separate closed systems

• interact

Multiple Choice

a testable prediction based on previous knowledge and research.

• theory

• law

• hypothesis

• control

Multiple Choice

Resources of a fixed amount, or a resource that is used up faster than it can be replaced

• Renewable

• nonrenewable

Multiple Select

Select the non-renewable resources MARK ALL THAT APPLY

• fossil fuels

• solar energy

• metals and nonmetals

• uranium

Multiple Choice

Resource that can be replaced at a rate close to its rate of use or in an unlimited supply.

• Renewable

• Nonrenewable

Multiple Select

Give examples of renewable resources

CHECK ALL THAT APPLY

• trees

• oxygen

• water

• metals

Multiple Choice

The process of restoring mined land to its original contours and vegetation is called

• deforestation

• recycling

• bioremediation

• reclamation

Multiple Choice

which fuel is used for the largest percentage of electricity generation?

• Petroleum (oil)

• Coal

• Natural gas

• Uranium

Multiple Choice

which fuel supplies the largest percentage of energy for transportation?

• Petroleum (oil)

• Coal

• Natural gas

• Uranium

Multiple Select

choose the 3 fossil fuels

• petroleum (oil)

• Uranium

• Natural gas

• coal

Multiple Choice

what are the compounds in fossil fuels that supply most of the energy?

• Hydroxide

• Hydrocarbons

• Sulfur dioxide

• Carbonic acid

Multiple Choice

Which of the following would NOT be classified as Biomass?

• Straw

• wood

• manure

• coal

Multiple Choice

How are sedimentary rocks formed

• heat and pressure

• cooling magma

• compaction and cementation

• melting

Multiple Choice

How are metamorphic rocks formed

• heat and pressure

• cooling magma

• compaction and cementation

• melting

Multiple Choice

How are igneous rocks formed

• heat and pressure

• cooling magma

• compaction and cementation

• melting

Multiple Choice

All of the energy that drives Earth’s rock cycle comes from ____.

• The wind

• Earth’s interior and the sun

• the breakdown of organic matter

• the movement of water over Earth’s surface

Multiple Choice

Which of the following represents the correct order of the processes involved in sedimentary rock formation?

• erosion, weathering, compaction, cementation, deposition

• deposition, cementation, compaction, erosion, weathering

• compaction, cementation, deposition, weathering, erosion

• weathering, erosion, deposition, compaction, cementation

Multiple Choice

chemical weathering is

• when rocks undergo chemical reactions

• the breakdown of rock into smaller pieces without changing the chemical structure

Multiple Choice

mechanical weathering is

• when rocks undergo chemical reactions

• the breakdown of rock into smaller pieces without changing the chemical structure

Multiple Choice

A soil’s texture is determined by

• mineral composition

• water content

• type of humus

• particle size

Multiple Choice

Which soil horizon has mostly organic material?

• O

• A

• B

• C

Multiple Choice

Which soil horizon is partially broken down parent material?

• O

• A

• B

• C

Multiple Choice

Which soil horizon is subsoil

• O

• A

• B

• C

Multiple Choice

Which soil horizon is topsoil

• O

• A

• B

• C

Multiple Choice

weathering is

• the breaking down of rock material into smaller pieces (sediments)

• sediments being moved by wind, water, or ice.

Multiple Choice

erosion is

• the breaking down of rock material into smaller pieces (sediments)

• sediments being moved by wind, water, or ice.

Multiple Choice

an example of weathering

• Wind and rain break rock into smaller pieces

• wind and rain carry the small pieces away

Multiple Choice

an example of erosion

• Wind and rain break rock into smaller pieces

• wind and rain carry the small pieces away