Types & Tenses of Verbs

Types & Tenses of Verbs

​What is a Verb?

​a verb describes an action or state of being

​a verb tells time based on tense formation

​a verb tells what the noun/pronoun/subject is doing or being

​a verb begins the predicate part of a sentence

3 Types of Verbs​

ACTION, LINKING, and HELPING (AUXILIARY) ​

​Action Verbs

​verbs that show activity, movement, process, or thought. Action verbs tell what type of action the subject performs -- what the subject is doing

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JUMP WALK SIT CLIMB LIFT SHOUT DANCE SKIP WRITE LEAP BAKE RUN SMILE LEARN TEACH PLAY LISTEN WATCH GROW BUILD TYPE STAND CRAWL FALL EAT SLEEP CLOSE OPEN STRETCH MAKE HIT SEW LAUGH CRY SNIFFLE COUGH GIGGLE BOUNCE SWIM HOP FALL IMAGINE DRAW SKI

​Linking Verbs

​verbs that show a relationship between the subject of a sentence and the noun or adjective being linked to it; it expresses a state of being

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​verbs that connect (link) the subject to another word or words that describe or rename the subject. Linking verbs show NO action.

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​AKA 'state of being' verbs

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​Identify a verb as linking if it can be replaced with 'is' or = and still have the sentence make sense

​Helping (Auxiliary) Verbs

​verbs that appear with the main verb to create the complete verb or a verb phrase

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​Helping verbs HELP indicate time, tense, voice, mood, person, and number

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​More than one helping verb can be used

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​Common helping verbs: may, do, have, am, were, can, shall, will, might, does, has, is, be, could, should, would, must, might, did, had, are, being, was, been

Verb Tenses

Simple, perfect, progressive, perfect progressive​

​Simple Verb Tense

​Past Tense - describes events that have already happened and are completely finished.

​Most verbs can be made past tense by adding -d or -ed at the end of the base form of the verb

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​John and Casey walked to school yesterday.

​Simple Verb Tense

​Present Tense - describes events happening now. It's also useful for describing direct action that's not exclusive to the past or future.

​Formed by using the root word and adding -s, -es, etc. depending on the number in the subject

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​John and Casey walk to school. (plural subject, plural verb)

​John walks to school. (singular subject, singular verb)

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​Simple Verb Tense

​Future Tense - describes events that have not happened yet, but will happen at a later time.

​Future tense verbs are formed by combinging a helping verb with a main verb in its base form. Many times, the helping verb WILL is used to indicate future tense is being used.

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​John and Casey will walk to school tomorrow.

​Perfect Verb Tense

​used to indicate a completed or 'perfected' action or condition. Verbs can appear in the past perfect, present perfect, and future perfect.

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​PAST PERFECT - an action occurred before another event in the past

​formation: had + verb-ed

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Julie had traveled to hundred of countries before she moved to Spain.

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​Perfect Verb Tense

​​PRESENT PERFECT - an action occurred at an unspecified time in the past

formation: has/have + verb-ed​

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Julie has traveled to hundreds of countries looking for a place to live.

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FUTURE PERFECT - an action will occur before another event in the future

​​formation: will have + verb-ed

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Julie will have traveled to hundreds of countries before the end of the year.

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​Progressive Verb Tense

​used to show an ongoing action in progress at some point in time. Verbs can be in the past progressive, present progressive, and future progressive.

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​PAST PROGRESSIVE - an ongoing action that occurred in the past

​formation: was/were + verb-ing

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​I was talking to Benjamin.

​Benjamin was talking to me.

​The students were talking to Benjamin.

​Progressive Verb Tense

​PRESENT PROGRESSIVE - an ongoing action that is occurring right now.

​formation: am/is/are + verb-ing

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​I am talking to Benjamin.

​Benjamin is talking to me.

​The students are talking to Benjamin.

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​FUTURE PROGRESSIVE - an ongoing action that will occur in the future

​formation: will be + verb-ing

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​Benjamin will be talking to me.

Perfect Progressive Verb Tense

used to say that an event or action is, was, or will be continually occurring (progressive) but that it is, was, or will be completed at a later time, or that it relates to a later time (perfect).

The perfect progressive verb tense has a present, a past, and a future.

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​PAST PERFECT PROGRESSIVE - a continuous action started in the past and was completed before another event in the past.

​formation: had been + verb-ing

​Perfect Progressive Verb Tense

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​Present Perfect Progressive - says that a continuous action started in the past and relates to the present.

​formation: have/has been + verb-ing

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​Future Perfect Progressive - tells us that a continuous action will be completed at, or relates to, a time in the future

​formation: will have been + verb-ing

Irregular Verbs​

​Irregular Verbs

​If a verb is irregular, it means that the formation of the tense is different from a regular verb; regular verbs in the past tense add -ed

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​Irregular verbs formed in the past tense or past participle do NOT add -ed. The formation of the verb usually has different spelling from the base form.

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(past participle - a word formed from a verb and used as an adjective or noun)

​Irregular Verbs

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Base Form	Past Simple	Past Participle
Awake Be  Beat Become Begin Bend Bite Blow Break Bring Build Buy Catch Choose Come  Do	Awoke Was / Were Beat Became  Began Bent  Bit  Blew  Broke  Brought  Built  Bought  Caught  Chose  Came  Did	Awoken Been Beaten Become Begun  Bent  Bitten  Blown  Broken  Brought  Built  Bought  Caught  Chosen  Come  Done

​Irregular Verbs

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Base Form	Past Simple	Past Participle
Draw  Drive  Drink  Eat Fall Feel Fight  Find  Fly  Forget Forgive Freeze  Get  Give  Go  Grow	Drew  Drove  Drank  Ate  Fell Felt  Fought  Found  Flew  Forgot  Forgave  Froze  Got  Gave  Went  Grew	Drawn  Driven  Drunk Eaten  Fallen Felt  Fought  Found  Flown  Forgotten  Forgiven Frozen  Got / gotten  Given  Gone  Grown

​Irregular Verbs

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Base Form	Past Simple	Past Participle
Hang  Have  Hear  Hold  Keep  Know  Leave  Lend  Lose  Make  Mean  Meet  Pay  Ride  Ring  Rise	Hung  Had  Heard  Held  Kept  Knew  Left  Lent  Lost  Made  Meant  Met  Paid  Rode  Rang  Rose	Hung  Had  Heard  Held  Kept  Known  Left  Lent  Lost  Made  Meant  Met  Paid  Ridden  Rung  Risen

​Irregular Verbs

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Base Form	Past Simple	Past Participle
Run Say See  Sell Send Show  Sing  Sleep Speak  Spend  Stand  Swim  Take  Teach  Tear  Tell	Ran  Said  Saw  Sold  Sent  Showed  Sang  Slept  Spoke  Spent  Stood  Swam Took Taught  Tore  Told	Run  Said  Seen  Sold  Sent  Shown  Sung  Slept  Spoken  Spent  Stood  Swum  Taken  Taught  Torn  Told

​Irregular Verbs

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Base Form	Past Simple	Past Participle
Think Throw Understand  Wake  Wear  Win Write	Thought  Threw  Understood  Woke Wore  Won  Wrote	Thought  Thrown  Understood  Woken  Worn  Won  Written

​Tense Formation Chart

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	PAST	PRESENT	FUTURE
SIMPLE	-ed (unless irregular)	Base form of verb; add -s, -es	Will + base form of verb
PROGRESSIVE	was/were + verb-ing	is/am/are + verb-ing	Will be + verb-ing
PERFECT	Had + verb-ed (unless irregular)	have/has + verb-ed (unless irregular)	Will have + verb-ed (unless irregular)
PERFECT PROGRESSIVE	Had been + verb-ing	Have/has been + verb-ing	Will have been + verb-ing

​IXL Practice Skills

​KK.1, KK.2, KK.4, KK.5

Multiple Choice

Today more than half a million people of Cuban descent are living in Dade County, where Miami is located. 

• Present

• Past Progressive

• Present Progressive

• Future Progressive

Multiple Choice

Many Cubans who fled their homeland were hoping at first to return their country.

• Present Progressive

• Past Progressive

• Future Perfect

• Past Perfect

Multiple Choice

Many Cuban Americans, however, are deciding that Miami is now their permanent home. 

• Present Progressive

• Future

• Past Progressive

• Present Perfect

Multiple Choice

They will be listening to the radio when they arrive at the station.

• Present Progressive

• Past Progressive

• Future Progressive

• Future Perfect

Multiple Choice

Estimates indicate that 15 to 18 million were celebrating this holiday in recent years.

• Future Perfect

• Future Progressive

• Past

• Past Progressive