3rd Partial review

3rd Partial review

by Gabriel Mariscal

Multiple Choice

What is this diagram representing?

• Pressure change in the atmosphere

• Tectonic Plate movement

• Global wind patterns

• Rock cycle

​The Rock cycle

• A series of processes that create the types of rocks found on earth's crust.

• ​There are three main types of rocks: Igneous rocks, sedimentary rocks and Metamorphic rocks.

• ​Every rock passes through each step of the rock cycle.

Multiple Choice

This igneous rock has big crystals as a result of it being cooled down slowly. What specific type of rock is it?

• Extrusive rock

• Intrusive rock

​Igneous Rocks

• ​Any rock formed of cooling magma or lava.

• ​Intrusive rock: Created by cooling magma under the earth's surface. Big crystals due to slow cooling.

• ​Extrusive rocks: Created by cooling lava on earth's surface. Small or no crystals due to fast coolling

Multiple Choice

This rock is sedimentary. What observation about this rock best supports this classification

• This rock is composed of several minerals

• This rock is not foliated

• This rock has large grains

• This rock contains fragments from other rocks.

​Sedimentary Rocks

• ​Rocks created when sediments, accumulate, compact and cement together.

• ​Clastic rocks: Made of broken pieces of other rocks.

• ​Organic rocks: Made out of the remains of living things or made by living things.

• ​Chemical rocks: Made when minerals in a solution crystalize.

Multiple Select

These types of rock can become a metamorphic rock

• Igneous rock

• Metamorphic rock

• Sedimentary rock

​Metamorphic rocks

• ​A rock that has been changed into a different rock because an increase of temperature or pressure.

• ​Regional metamorphism: Rocks change because they are buried below other rocks, increasing temperature and pressure.

• ​Contact metamorphism: The rock changes when magma passes near the rock.

Multiple Choice

The process that moves rocks or soil from one place to another

• Cementation

• Erosion

• Weathering

• Deposition

​Weathering, Erosion, Deposition

• ​Weathering: chemical and Physical breakdown of rock into sediment.

• ​Sediment: Solid material that is moved and deposited in a new place (Pieces of rock and organic material).

• ​Erosion: The process that moves bits of rock from one place to another,

• ​Deposition: The process of adding sediment to a landform.

Multiple Choice

This type of weathering breaks down the minerals that keep rocks together

• Chemical weathering

• Physical Weathering

​Chemical Weathering

• ​Breaking down of the minerals inside of a rock.

• ​Oxidation: Oxygen reacting with iron and creating rust.

• ​Hydrolysis: Water breaking down and smoothing rocks.

• ​Carbonation: CO2 and water creating carbonic acid (acid rain).

Multiple Choice

This type of physical weathering happens when water or wind break rocks down into pieces

• Biological weathering

• Ice wedging

• Abrasion

​Physical Weathering

• ​Breaking rocks apart without changing their chemical composition.

• ​Abrasion: Wind, water or ice rushing through rocks.

• ​Ice wedging: Ice getting into cracks, freezing and expanding.

• ​Biological weathering: Living things breaking down rocks (Roots, borrows, etc.)

Multiple Select

These three gases make up most of the atmosphere

• Nitrogen

• CO2

• Argon

• Oxygen

• Water vapor

​Atmosphere's composition

• ​The atmosphere is a mixture of gases that surround the planet.

• ​78% is Nitrogen, 21% Oxygen, 0,9% Argon, 0.1% other gases.

• ​Humidity: the amount of water vapor in the air (4% at most).

• ​Greenhouse gases: Gases that trap heat in the atmosphere.

• ​Particulates: Solid particles that float in the atmosphere.

Multiple Choice

This layer of the atmosphere is where you can find the Ozone layer

• Troposphere

• Thermosphere

• Stratosphere

• Mesosphere

​Layers of the atmosphere

• ​The atmosphere is divided into sections depending on temperature.

• ​Troposphere: Lowest layer, where weather happens. Gets colder with altitude.

• ​Stratosphere: Where the ozone layer is. Gets hotter with altitude.

• ​Mesosphere: Where meteors disintegrate. Gets colder with altitude.

• ​Thermosphere: Where the int. Space station is. Gets hotter with altitude.

Multiple Choice

Wind is...

• Air moving from a low altitude area to a high altitude area

• Air moving from a high pressure area to a low pressure area

• Air moving from a high altitude area to a low altitude area

• Air moving from a low pressure area to a high pressure area

​Air pressure

• ​The weight of the atmosphere on top of something. Created by gravity pushing air down.

• ​+ Air molecules= + Air pressure= + Temperature.

• ​Decreases with altitude.

• At sea level is 1 atmosphere of pressure.

Multiple Choice

In low pressure areas air rises, creating clouds and storms

• False

• True

​Air pressure and weather

• ​High pressure systems: Lots of air molecules in a place. Air moves away from it near the surface and heats up. Fair weather.

• ​Low pressure systems: Few air molecules. Air moves in to fill the space. Air rises, cools and creates clouds. Storms.

• ​Air moves from high pressure to low pressure. Convection currents. Creates circulation that creates climate.