Ecology terms part 4

Multiple Choice

What is an increase of biodiversity over time, after a natural or manmade disturbance?

• ecological recession

• climax recession

• ecological succession

• climax succession

Multiple Choice

Primary succession occurs in an area that has:

• soil

• no soil

• some soil

• none of these

Multiple Choice

What is an example of an area that is likely to undergo primary succession?

• Glaciers melt and leave exposed rock

• Plants die from drought and decompose

• Land is bulldozed and soil remains

Multiple Choice

___ are the first organisms to colonize an area and begin the process of ecological succession.

• foundational organisms

• introductory organisms

• primary organisms

• pioneer species

Multiple Choice

What is an example of a disturbance that could bring about secondary succession?

• Humans cut down many trees in a small region

• A volcanic eruption covers a village in lava.

Multiple Choice

What is the main difference between primary and secondary ecological succession?

• Primary begins WITHOUT soil; Secondary begins WITH soil

• Primary is the first state and secondary is the second stage

• Primary builds plant community; secondary builds animal community

• Primary begins WITH soil; Secondary begins WITHOUT soil

Multiple Choice

What is the term that describes a steady and stable community?

• peak community

• turf community

• climax community

• disturbed community

Multiple Choice

When humans burn fossil fuels, most of the carbon quickly enters the                       as carbon dioxide.

• Water
• Atmosphere
• Sun
• Air

Multiple Choice

How do living organisms return carbon to the atmosphere in the carbon cycle?

• respiration and photosynthesis
•  decomposition and respiration

Multiple Choice

If the plant population decreased, the amount of carbon would _________.

• Stay the same
• Increase
• Decrease

Multiple Choice

Which one of these does not add CO2 to the atmosphere?

• cooking with gas
• planting trees
• burning wood
• riding in a bus

Multiple Choice

How much of the atmosphere is composed of nitrogen gas?

• 87%
• 38%
• 78%
• 21%

Multiple Choice

What is the process of combining nitrogen gas with other elements to make nitrogen into usable compounds?

• nitrogen composition
• ammonia 
• nitrogen fixation
• denitrification

Multiple Choice

Organisms that break down dead plants & animals and release nitrogen back into atmosphere...

• bacteria
• plants
• animals
• producers

Multiple Choice

___ are the first organisms to colonize an area and begin the process of ecological succession.

• foundational organisms

• introductory organisms

• primary organisms

• pioneer species

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the correct order of ecological succession?

• grass - shrubs - lichens - trees

• lichens - shrubs - grasses - trees

• lichens - grasses - shrubs - trees

• grasses - lichens - shrubs - trees

Multiple Choice

All of the following contribute directly to soil formation EXCEPT

• lichens

• decomposition of organisms

• volcanic eruptions

• erosion of rock by weather

Multiple Choice

Which is faster: Primary or Secondary Succession?

• Primary Succession

• Secondary Succession

• Both Take The Same Amount of Time

Multiple Choice

T or F: Succession increases biodiversity.

• true

• false

Multiple Choice

Bare rock community must first undergo...

• Primary Succession

• Secondary Succession

• Climax

Multiple Choice

What does not produce carbon dioxide?

• Photosynthesis
• Burning Fossil Fuels
• Animal respiration
• Plants decaying

Multiple Choice

Organisms that need nitrogen to survive

• only plants
• only animals
• only bacteria
• all living organisms

Multiple Choice

If the atmosphere is 78% N₂, why can't we just get our nitrogen by breathing?

• We have no mechanism to break the triple bond of nitrogen between the atoms.
• Our lungs would be damaged by the N2.
• We need Oxygen for cellular respiration.
• The legumes take it up first.