S7B U7 L18 Grammar - conditionals

S7B U7 L18 Grammar - conditionals

By Michael Cousins

Quick review -

What condition is it?​

Multiple Choice

If Alexander Graham Bell hadn't invented the telephone, I would probably be talking to you on a phone by a different name.

• Zero conditional

• First conditional

• Second conditional

• Third conditional

• Mixed conditional

Multiple Choice

If machines could do all our work, people like me would be rather bored. But not the human beings.

• Zero conditional

• First conditional

• Second conditional

• Third conditional

• Mixed conditional

Multiple Choice

If you heat water to 100 degrees centigrade, it boils.

• Zero conditional

• First conditional

• Second conditional

• Third conditional

• Mixed conditional

Multiple Choice

If Henry ford had thought less about making money and more about sustainable practices for a better world, he would have spoken to Tesla more.

• Zero conditional

• First conditional

• Second conditional

• Third conditional

• Mixed conditional

Multiple Choice

If we take this course, we will learn all about technology.

• Zero conditional

• First conditional

• Second conditional

• Third conditional

• Mixed conditional

Type only -

Zero / First / second etc.

Fill in the Blanks

The

conditional is used to talk about an unreal or imaginary situation in the present.

Fill in the Blanks

The

conditional is used to talk about a general truth.

Fill in the Blanks

The

conditional is used to talk about a past situation with a present result.

Fill in the Blanks

The

conditional is used to talk about a real or likely situation.

Fill in the Blanks

The

conditional is used to talk about an unreal or imaginary situation in the past.

'If' replacements

Type the word that takes the place of 'if'.

Fill in the Blanks

Provided he completes his studies, he'll find a job as a science teacher.

Provided = If

Fill in the Blanks

As long as you follow the manual, you'll be able to set up the machine.

As long as = If

Fill in the Blanks

Supposing someone disproved your theory, what would you do?

Supposing = If / What if

Fill in the Blanks

But for his support, I wouldn't have applied for the research grant.

In this case:

But for = If it wasn't for

If it hadn't been for

​

Fill in the Blanks

They won't know how to do the experiment unless you show them.

In this case:

unless = If you don't

​

Fill in the Blanks

Restart your computer, otherwise the new apps won't download.

In this case:

otherwise = If you don't

​

Fill in the Blanks

Help me with my chemistry homework and I'll help you with English.

In this case:

help (used as an imperative)= If you help

​

Read & complete

Use the [verbs]

in the correct form

​

Fill in the Blanks

Second: Mosquitoes are responsible for spreading the disease malaria. If it wasn't for the mosquito, this disease

so common.

[be] < 2w

Fill in the Blanks

Zero: Bronze is composed of copper and tin. Copper _____ green when it _____. That is why bronze artifacts have a green hue.

[turn, corrode] < w,w

Fill in the Blanks

Third: If, in 1928, Alexander Fleming _____ a mould around some bacteria, we _____ penicillin today.

[notice, have] < 2w, 2w

Fill in the Blanks

Second: There are 62,000 miles of blood vessels in the human body. If you _____ them together end to end, they _____ Earth two and a half times.

[put, circle] <1w, 2w

Fill in the Blanks

First: On certain nights of the year, if you _____ into the starry sky, you _____ the planets Venus and Mars.

[look, see] < 1w, 2w

Read, follow

& Pick

The correct answer

​

Multiple Choice

Apart from the Sun and the Moon, it's possible to see Jupiter, Mars and Venus in the day time as long as / unless you know where and when to look.

• as long as

• unless

Multiple Choice

Communications satellites, which have reflective surfaces, can also be seen otherwise / provided there is sunlight.

• otherwise

• provided

Multiple Choice

Comets, too, are visible supposing / unless there are clouds.

• supposing

• unless

Multiple Choice

As long as / But for their predictability, we wouldn't know when to look out for comets.

• As long as

• but for

Multiple Choice

Supernovae, which are exploding stars, are rare and unpredictable, otherwise / provided we would know approximately when to expect them. The last one to be seen in the day time was in 1572.

• otherwise

• provided

Remember what's real?

​

Multiple Choice

What's real in your experience?

• Past

• Present

• Future

Remember what's real?

Unreal past forms can be used with wish and if only. What time do the following refer to?​

​

Multiple Choice

I wish I knew how to cure all stupidity.

• Past

• Present

• Future

Multiple Choice

If only you had told me this last night.

• Past

• Present

• Future

Multiple Choice

I wish you wouldn't interrupt me all the time.

• Past

• Present

• Future

Multiple Choice

If only I could be an astronaut on the next space mission.

• Past

• Present

• Future

Multiple Choice

If only we didn't have to leave tomorrow.

• Past

• Present

• Future

Remember this too...

I wish/If only + others would : is okay

I wish/if only + I would : not okay​

​

Inversion

For emphasis, some words and expressions can be used at the beginning of sentences.

Unreal past

Inversion

Examples

Unreal past

​Not only does he exercise, but he also eats sensibly.

Under no circumstances must you consume sugary foods.

Little did she know, that the information she'd collected was all untrue.​

​Never/Rarely/Seldom has he been so tired.

Not once did he comment on my appearance. How dare he!​

Only then did I realise that the whole thing was planned out.​

No sooner had she read the article than random people on FB started offering her that very product.​

Inversion

You can also invert some conditional forms. The inverted form replaces the if-clause.

Unreal past

Had he covered the wound with gauze, it wouldn't have become infected.

(If he had covered the wound with gauze, it wouldn't have become infected.)​

Should you decide to join, you will be able to use the gym facilities every day.

(if you decide to join, you will be able to use the gym facilities every day.)​

Multiple Choice

If only Professor Petrie doesn't give / wouldn't give us such difficult experiments to do.

• doesn't give

• wouldn't give

Multiple Choice

I wish Marcus had phoned / phoned to say he would be late; now we can't go anywhere.

• had phoned

• phoned

Multiple Choice

If only we don't have to learn / didn't have to learn the periodic table of the elements by tomorrow.

• don't have to learn

• didn't have to learn

Multiple Choice

I really wish you bite / wouldn't bite your nails, Jason.

• bite

• wouldn't bite

Multiple Choice

If only I had paid / would pay attention during biology lessons while I was at school.

• had paid

• would pay

Multiple Choice

This lecture is so boring! I wish we hadn't come / couldn't come and had gone to a cafe instead.

• hadn't come

• couldn't come

Fill in the Blanks

did the developers realise that the new video game would be so successful.

Fill in the Blanks

do very young scientists win Nobel prizes.

Fill in the Blanks

did I discover that the machine had stopped working.

Fill in the Blanks

1953 was the structure of DNA discovered by Watson and Crick.

Fill in the Blanks

are you to discuss our experiments. They are secret. (Said Dr. Fauci)

Fill in the Blanks

is this appliance affordable, but it is also energy efficient.

Fill in the Blanks

will you find harder working students than those in the science department.

Fill in the Blanks

had the rocket been launched, than it spiralled out of control and crashed.