Topic 7-8 Rome Vocabulary

Topic 7-8 Rome:

Republic to Empire

A Social Studies Vocabulary Lesson

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By Mrs. Crader & Ms. K.​

an open area in a Roman city filled with public buildings, temples, and markets

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​forum

Multiple Choice

A Roman forum was a

• group of elected officials in ancient Rome

• name for common people of Rome

• public meeting place in Rome

• leader with absolute (complet) power

a form of government in which citizens elect their leaders​​

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In 509 B.C., the Romans overthrew the last Etruscan king and established a republic.

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republic​

Multiple Choice

After having a brutal king, the Romans decided to create a _____________ form of government. This was done in 509 B.C.E.

• monarchical (monarchy)

• democratic

  (democracy)

• republican (republic)

• dictatorship

​legion

a basic unit of the Roman army​

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​Roman generals divided the massive

Roman army into smaller units called legions. Each legion held about 4,500 to 5,000 men.

Multiple Choice

A legion was a part of the Roman

• sewer system.

• mythology.

• government.

• military.

Multiple Choice

Romans divided their armies into smaller groups called legions. Which answer explains why they believed using legions was a better way to fight?

• Legion soldiers were the richest and smartest.

• Smaller groups meant that less men would die.

• Using legions required less money.

• Legions made it easier for soldiers to move quickly through the enemy.

Patrician

the ruling class of Rome

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Patricians were wealthhy landowners. They came from Rome's most poweful and prominent (important) families. ​

Multiple Choice

What is a patrician?

• the lower class

• the middle class

• the wealthy ruling class

• the class of slaves dedicated to building temples

Plebeian

an ordinary citizen

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Most Romans were plebeians, and they were not as wealthy as the patricians. Some plebians were very poor. Plebians were shopkeepers, artisans, and small farm owners.

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Multiple Choice

A plebian is...

• an extraordinary citizen

• a patrician

• an ordinary citizen

• an unordinary citizen

Consul

one of two top officials and military leaders in the Roman republic

Two patrician consuls headed the Roman republic.

Multiple Choice

A consul is...

• the indefinite head of government

• the overseer of government

• the president of government

• a top official and military leader of government

Veto

to stop/cancel the action of a government official or body

Latin for "I forbid."​

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Each consul could veto, or reject the other's decision.

Multiple Choice

To veto is to...

• deny

• absolve

• forgive

• respond

Multiple Choice

How did the veto balance power in the Roman government?

• It gave power to an assembly of ordinary Romans.

• It allowed one consul to stop another’s actions.

• It limited the amount of time an official could serve.

• It gave votes only to wealthy, male citizens.

Praetor

a government official who interprets the law and serves as a judge

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In addition to consuls, Rome also had other major government officials called praetors.

Multiple Choice

A praetor serves as a ____ and _____ the laws.

• judge; questions

• judge; interprets

• interpreter; judges

• judge; inquires

Legislature

group of people who wrote the laws

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The Senate was Rome's legislature and was made of 300 patrician men.

Multiple Choice

The legislature is...

• the group of people in Rome who wrote the laws

• the group of people in Rome who uphold the laws

• the group of people in Rome who rule

• the group of people in Rome who force others to follow laws

Diplomacy

the ability to handle relationships without increasing hostility

The Roman people conquered by force and used diplomacy to rule all of Italy by the late 200s BCE.

Multiple Choice

A diplomat's job includes

• insulting people

• making allies as the country grew

• enslaving conquered peoples

• ignoring the needs of the citizens

Dictator

a person granted absolute (complete) power

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The Romans created the office of dictator to rule during times of crisis.

Multiple Choice

A dictator has...

• a chance to elect new officials

• no power unless directed by Rome

• absolute power

• the ability to vote for others

Multiple Choice

Rome created this position to lead during a crisis- some people describe it as oppressive ruler-

• Civic Duty

• Tyrant

• Dictator

• Triumvirate

Constitution

a system of basic rules and principles by which a government is organized

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Unlike the United States, the constitution of Rome was unwritten.

Multiple Choice

Roman government was structured by a constitution, which is

• a system of basic rules and principles

• a single ruler having absolute power.

• religious leaders having ultimate authority.

Patriarchal society

a society in which men rule their families, and people trace their origins through male ancestors

Multiple Choice

Tracing your ancestry through male family members--

• patriarchal

• matriarchal

Paterfamilias

oldest man in a Roman family who had absolute (complete) power over his family

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Roman men took the role of paterfamilias seriously, believing that duty to one's family was a virtue.

Multiple Choice

Complete control given to the oldest male in a Roman family was

• materfamilias

• sorority

• paterfamilias

• fraternity

Multiple Choice

Large farming estates worked by enslaved people were known as

• Particians

• Latfundia

• Aqueducts

• Praetors

Triumvirate (try • UHM • vuh • ruht)

three rulers who share equal political power

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Crassus, Pompey, and Caesar formed the First Triumvirate to rule Rome.

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Multiple Choice

Select the word that correctly completes the sentence:The consuls were not a _____ because there were only two of them.

• latifundia

• transform

• professional

• triumvirate

Multiple Choice

Our government does not have a _____ because one person, the president, is the head of government.

• latifundia

• transform

• professional

• triumvirate

Religion

people's beliefs and practices about the existence, nature, and worship of a god or gods

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Multiple Choice

Which is a polytheistic religion?

• ancient Greek (mythology)

• Judaism (Jewish)

• Christianity (Christian)

• Buddhism (Buddhist)

Minority

​a group that has less than half of a population

Most Romans were poor free people or people who were enslaved. A tiny minority were wealthy.

Multiple Choice

Most Romans were _______; a tiny _______ were wealthy.

• poor;

  minority

• poor;

  majority

• wealthy;

  minority

• middle class;

  minority

Aqueduct

​a human-made channel that carries water long distances

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Roman emperors built extensive aqueducts to bring fresh water to Rome.

Multiple Choice

A raised channel that brings fresh water to Rome is called a(n)

• canal

• aqueduct

• aqua channel

• pipeline

Gladiator

in ancient Rome, a person who fought people or animals for public entertainment

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​Most gladiators were enslaved people, criminals, prisoners of war, or poor people. Romans admired the gladiators' skills and bravery.

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Multiple Choice

For entertainment, many Romans would go watch slaves fight each other. The name for these slaves who had to fight was...

• gladiators

• plebeians

• patricians

• senators

Succession

one person or thing following another

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An emperor must announce his succession, otherwise Roman politicians would fight to rule the empire after the emperor died.

Multiple Choice

Octavian became emperor after Julius Caesar. Octavian was Julius Caesar's

• assistant

• enemy

• successor

• latifundia

Tenant

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a person who rents land or a home

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​Many common (ordinary) Romans were tenant farmers who rented land from wealthy landowners.

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Multiple Choice

Most Romans were not wealthy and rented farmland. They were

• patricians

• enslaved people

• gladiators

• tenants

a state containing several countries or territories

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Empire

Multiple Select

Who created an empire through conquest (war)?

• Sargon of Akkad

• Alexander of Macedon

• Xerxes of Persia

• Hammurabi of Babylon

ROMAN Civilization

Bring it on!