Transportation Revolution

Transportation Revolution

By Tara Fisher

• A period of rapid growth in the speed and convenience of travel because of new methods of transportation.

• Enabled goods, people, and information to travel rapidly and efficiently across the US​

• ​Two ma​jor inventions:

  • Steamboat

  • Steam powered trains​

​Transportation Revolution

• Robert Fulton: tested the first full-sized commercial steamboat, the Clermont​, tested in the Hudson

• ​Did not require windpower, and traveled easily on the river

• Steamboats:

  • Increased trade

  • Increased Profit: goods could be moved quicker making them cheaper​

Steamboats

Open Ended

Benefits of the steamboat?

• Ogden: : sued Gibbons for operating steamboats in NY waters Ogden claims he owns

• Gibbons: did not have a license to operate in NY, argued his federal license gave him the right to use NY waterways

• Gibbons vs. Ogden: Supreme Court reinforced the federal government's authority to regulate trade between states by ending monopolistic control over waterways in several states​

• The ruling freed up waters increasing trade​

​

Gibbons vs. Ogden

​https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nm0Z32ZIwwU

Multiple Choice

Who won, Gibbons or Ogden?

• Gibbons

• Ogden

Multiple Choice

The supreme court increased the power of the?

• Federal Government

• State Government

• Tom Tumb: ​small locomotive built by Peter Cooper

  • Raced against a horse, although the train lost, showed the power of trains

• By 1860, tracks linked almost every major city in the eastern US

• Economy surged and railroad companies became one of the most powerful businesses in the nation

• "Thrilling to passangers"​

  • Dangerous​

​

American Railroads

Multiple Choice

Who won the race?

• Tom Thumb

• Horse

Changes:

• Goods were transported with ease to distant markets for less due to new technology

  • Wealth in the North​

• Population grew, towns without train access suffered​

• Coal replaced wood as the primarcy source of fuel​

  • 1870s demand for coal increased further​ due to Steel Industy​

​

Coal heats Steel>Tracks/Farming Tools

​

Tracks>More railroads to transport steel​ and other goods

​

Farming Tools> More Crops> Trains transsported crops to markets​

​

Cycle

• Growth of business:

  • Logging industry: needed wood for houses and furniture due to population increase

  • Newspaper: publishing increased demand for paper

  • Coal: fuel

​

​Effects of Railroads

• Deforestation: removal of trees for products

• Population growth:​ trains linked the US. Towns sprung up near junctions becoming transportation hubs

​

Multiple Choice

Which of these industries did NOT grow due to Railroads

• Logging

• Coal

• Steel

• Gold

More Technological Advances

​Some text here about the topic of discussion.

• Samuel F. B. Morse

  • Telegraph: a device that could send information over wires across great distances

  • Morse code: different conbinations of dots and dashes that represent each letter of the alphabet​

  • Grew with the railroad industry

  • First transcontinential line in 1861

Telegraph

Multiple Choice

The telegraph grew with which industry?

• Steamboat

• Railroad

• Cotton

• Coal

• Originally ran on waterpower, built near streams or waterfalls

• Steam allowed factories to be built almost anywhere

• Factories built closer to cities​

  • More workers

  • Reduced shipping cost​

• ​ Improved designs of machinery

  • ​Interchangeable parts

​Steam Power and New Factories

Multiple Choice

Factories were now built?

• Near cities

• Near water

• Near coal

Farming Equipment

• ​John Deere: designed the steel plow to better plow through thick soil

• Cyrus McCormick: Developed the mechanical reaper, a haresting machine, which quickly and efficiently cut wheat

  • New sales methods used: buying on credit, demonstrations, repaire and spare parts development​

• Allowed midwest to plant and harvest huge crop fields​

Subject | Subject

Some text here about the topic of discussion

Multiple Choice

Who designed the steel plow

• Deere

• McCormick

• Morse

Multiple Choice

Which invention efficiently cut wheat?

• Steel Plow

• Mechanical Reaper

Changing Life at Home

• Many inventions of the industrial revolution were to make life easier

• Isaac Singer: made improvements​ to the original sewing machine and offered benefits, making his sewing company the largest in the world

• Other advancements:

  • Iceboxes

  • Iron cookstoves

  • Matches

  • Safety pins ​

• Mass produced, making these items more affordable​

Subject | Subject

Open Ended

Why were many advancements created?

Open Ended

Another technological advancement during this time was?