Oceans & Earth Global Perspectives

Oceans and Ocean Currents

Continent

• A large solid area of land.

• Earth has seven continents, they are Africa, Antarctica, Asia, Australia (Oceania), Europe, North America, and South America.

• Identify the earth's continents.

Tsunami

• Tall destructive waves

• Tidal wave

• Harbor wave

• Shallow waterwave

The seven continents on our planet are:

• Africa, 

• Asia

• Antarctica

• Australia

• Europe

• North America

• South America

What causes a tsunami?

• underwater earthquakes

• volcanoes erupting

Multiple Choice

Which continent is labeled in purple (#2)?

• Asia

• North America

• South America

• Australia

Current

A stream of steady moving water within a larger body of water

*40 main currents in ocean

Biggest Continents by Size

• Asia

• Africa

• North America

• South America

• Antartica

• Europe

• Australia

Gulf Stream

* In Atlantic Ocean - from America to England

* 15 times faster than other currents

* Can travel 100 miles a day

* Strong steady current

Gyre

A group (loop) of currents that circle through the seas

5 great ones in the oceans

Multiple Choice

Based on size which continent is the smallest one?

• Africa

• Australia

• Antarctica

• South America

Multiple Choice

Which continent is labeled in blue (#4)?

• Europe

• North America

• Australia

• Africa

Multiple Choice

motion of the ocean created by wind patterns

• waves

• tides

• currents

Biggest Continents by Population

• Asia

• Africa

• Europe

• North America

• South America

• Australia

• Antarctica

Multiple Choice

Why are ocean currents important?

• ocean currents allow people to sail around the world

• ocean currents move the continents from one place to another

• ocean currents move heat energy from the equator to the poles

• Ocean currents affect the rotation of the Earth

Multiple Choice

Which answer is not a continent?

• Africa

• Arctic

• Asia

• Australia/Oceania

• Europe

Multiple Choice

If you were floating in a raft in the Gulf Stream, you and the raft would________________.

• not move with the water

• move back and forth

• move with the current

• move in a circular motion

Multiple Choice

Based on population which continent has the largest population?

• North America

• Africa

• Europe

• Asia

Multiple Choice

Movements of ocean water in a continuous flow are called?

• ocean currents
• global winds
• air mass
• front

Multiple Choice

Which continent is labeled in green (#3)?

• Africa

• Europe

• North America

• South America

Multiple Choice

As you go deeper in the ocean, the water is colder and less salty.

• True
• False

Asia

• About 4.6 billion people live in Asia.

• The most languages are spoken in Asia - over 2,300 languages!

• Many million people live in the urban centers of the Asian continent, in cities such as in Delhi, Tokyo, Shanghai or Beijing.

Multiple Choice

Where is ocean water the densest.

• The surface
• The middle
• The bottom
• Lake Michigan

​Importance of the Oceans

• ​Oceans hold 97% of the planet's surface water.

• ​Oceans are the major source of water vapor in the atmosphere

• ​Ocean water also absorbs gases from the atmosphere

Multiple Choice

What do we call the constantly moving system of deep-ocean circulation driven by differences in temperature and salinity?

• California Current

• Global Conveyor Belt

• Surface Currents

• Gulf Stream

Africa

• Africa is the continent with the most countries.

• There are 54 countries on the African continent.

• About 1.3 billion people live in Africa.

Multiple Choice

As you go deeper in the ocean, the water is colder and less salty.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Which continent is labeled in orange (#5)?

• North America

• South America

• Europe

• Africa

Multiple Choice

Constantly moving system of deep-ocean circulation driven by temperature and salinity. It moves water around the globe.

• California Current

• Global Conveyor Belt

• Surface Currents

• Gulf Stream

Europe

• Europe is considered to be the wealthiest and richest continent.

• According to the United Nations, there are 44 countries in Europe.

• Five European countries are among the ten smallest countries in the world.

Multiple Choice

What are a circular system of currents in the Earth's major oceans?

• ocean current

• gyre

• upwelling

• conveyor belt

Multiple Choice

How many continents are on earth?

• 5

• 9

• 6

• 7

Multiple Choice

Warm ocean currents generally come from

• The North Pole
• The South Pole
• The Equator
• Both A and B

North America

• Located entirely on the northern and western hemisphere.

• There are 23 countries in total on the North American continent. 

• About 580 million people live on the North American continent.

Multiple Choice

There are (is) _______ major gyres in each ocean.

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Multiple Choice

Which continent is labeled in light blue (#1)?

• Africa

• Europe

• Antarctica

• Arctica

Multiple Choice

_______ causes the Coriolis Effect

• Earth's rotation

• gravity

• wind

• density

South America

• About 430 million people live in South America.

• South America has the longest mountain range - the Andes

• South America has the highest waterfalls - the Angel Falls. 

Multiple Choice

If a material is less dense then water, it will

• sink

• float

• be neutrally buoyant

• freeze

​Importance of the Oceans

• Oceans moderate Earth's temperature by not changing temperature rapidly. Oceans also distribute heat around the planet.​

• Oceans have tremendous biodiversity. They also contain the majority of all biomass on Earth.

Multiple Choice

What heats the Earth's oceans?

• People

• Boats

• a heater

• sun

Australia (Oceania)

• The smallest continent of the planet.

• Oceania is a geographic region that includes Australasia, Polynesia, Micronesia and Melanesia.

• About 43 million people live in Oceania.

Multiple Choice

Regular movements of water far below the oceans surface are called

• Warm Currents
• Deep Currents
• Shallow Currents
• Surface Currents

Multiple Choice

Which continent is labeled yellow (#7)?

• Europe

• Asia

• Africa

• North America

Multiple Choice

The warm, strong current off the coast of Florida is the 

• Gulf Stream
• California Current
• North Equatorial Current
• Brazil Current

Antarctica

• Antarctica is the smallest continent by population numbers.

• This means the huge continent is only sparsely populated.

• Antarctica is covered almost completely by ice.

Multiple Choice

Surface currents are mainly caused by

• The Coriolis Effect
• Cold and Warm Water
• Convection
• Wind

Open Ended

List the continents in alphabetical order.

Multiple Choice

Currents that occur at or near the surface of the ocean are called 

• Deep Currents
• Convection Currents
• Surface Currents
• Wave Currents

Multiple Choice

Which continent has the most countries with 54?

• Africa

• Asia

• Europe

• North America

Multiple Choice

What are a circular system of currents in the Earth's major oceans?

• ocean current

• gyre

• upwelling

• conveyor belt

Multiple Choice

Which continent is labeled in brown (#6)

• North America

• Australia

• South America

• Europe

Multiple Choice

Two types of ocean currents are

• local and global
• sea and land
• surface and deep
• warm and cold

Multiple Choice

The United States of America is located on which continent?

• Asia

• Europe

• North America

• South America

Multiple Choice

______ causes surface currents.

• The Coriolis Effect

• gravity

• density differences

• wind

Multiple Choice

Warm ocean currents generally come from

• The North Pole

• The South Pole

• The Equator

• Both A and B

Five Oceans of the World

• There are five oceans covering the surface of our globe

• The five world oceans are the Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean.

Multiple Choice

Warm ocean currents generally come from

• The North Pole

• The South Pole

• The Equator

• Both A and B

Ocean

• A huge body of salt water.

• Oceans cover nearly 71 percent of Earth's surface.

• Earth has 5 oceans, they are Arctic, Atlantic, Indian, Pacific, and Southern oceans.

• Identify the earth's oceans.

Pacific Ocean

• The Pacific Ocean is the biggest ocean of the world

• It covers more than 30% of the Earth's surface.

Multiple Choice

Ocean labeled #11

• Atlantic Ocean

• Pacific Ocean

• Indian Ocean

• Arctic Ocean

Atlantic Ocean

• The Atlantic is the second biggest ocean in the world

• It is between the continents of North America and Europe and Africa.

Indian Ocean

• The Indian Ocean is located between Africa and Australia, and Asia

• The Northern Indian Ocean also is the most important transport route for oil

Multiple Choice

Ocean labeled #9

• Southern Ocean

• Arctic Ocean

• Atlantic Ocean

• Pacific Ocean

Southern Ocean

• The Southern Ocean is located around the South Pole across the Antarctic circle in the Southern Hemisphere off Antarctica.

Multiple Choice

Which answer is an ocean?

• Africa

• Atlantic

• Australia

• Antarctica

Arctic Ocean

• The Arctic Ocean is located around the North Pole across the Arctic circle.

Multiple Choice

Ocean labeled #10

• Pacific Ocean

• Atlantic Ocean

• Southern Ocean

• Indian Ocean

Multiple Choice

What ocean is the biggest in the world?

• Arctic Ocean

• Atlantic Ocean

• Indian Ocean

• Pacific Ocean

​Seawater Chemistry

• ​Water moving through rock and soil picks up ions. Those ions end up as salts in large bodies of water

• Ocean water contains salts and other substances.

• Water density increases as salinity and pressure increase, or as temperature decreases.

Multiple Choice

Which ocean is located around the South Pole?

• Atlantic Ocean

• Indian Ocean

• Pacific Ocean

• Southern Ocean

Multiple Choice

Ocean labeled #12

• Southern Ocean

• Northern Ocean

• Atlantic Ocean

• Pacific Ocean

Multiple Choice

Delaware is closest to which major ocean?

• Atlantic Ocean

• Indian Ocean

• Pacific Ocean

• Southern Ocean

Multiple Choice

How many oceans are on earth?

• 5

• 4

• 7

• 6

Multiple Choice

Ocean labeled #8

• Pacific Ocean

• Arctic Ocean

• Antarctic Ocean

• Indian Ocean

​Compass Rose

​A compass rose is a figure on a compass, map, or nautical chart used to display the orientation of the directions North, East, South and West.

Multiple Choice

Which answer is not an ocean?

• Indian

• Arctic

• Pacific

• South America

• Southern

Multiple Choice

Which ocean lies East of North America and West of Africa?

• Atlantic

• Pacific

• Indian

• Southern

Open Ended

What is salinity?

Multiple Choice

Which ocean lies North of Europe and Asia?

• Atlantic

• Pacific

• Arctic

• Southern

Open Ended

List the oceans in alphabetical order.

Multiple Choice

Which ocean lies East of Asia and West of North America?

• Atlantic

• Pacific

• Arctic

• Southern

Fill in the Blank

Water density increases as salinity ______.

Multiple Choice

Which ocean lies South of Africa and North of Antarctica?

• Atlantic

• Pacific

• Arctic

• Southern

Cardinal Directions:

North, East, South, and West.

Multiple Choice

Which ocean lies South of Asia, East of Africa and West of Australia?

• Indian

• Pacific

• Arctic

• Southern

Fill in the Blank

Water density increases as temperature ______.

Multiple Choice

Why do we use a compass in Social Studies?

• To do draw circles.

• To locate the cardinal directions.

• To find a GPS.

• To locate the nearest bathroom.

Fill in the Blank

Water density increases as pressure _______.

Multiple Select

Check the answer that is not a cardinal direction.

• South

• East

• Up

• West

• North

Open Ended

Streams aren't salty, so why is the ocean salty?

Latitude and Longitude

• A system of lines used to describe the location of any place on Earth.

• Lines of latitude run in an east-west direction across Earth.

• Lines of longitude run in a north-south direction.

• These are only imaginary lines, they appear on maps and globes as if they actually existed.

• Identify the longitude line on this map.

• Identify the latitude line on this map.

​Ocean Zones

• ​The small surface zone that has light is the photic zone. The entire rest of the ocean does not have light and is the aphotic zone.

  The ocean is divided into horizontal zones based on the distance from shore and the depth of water beneath: the intertidal, neritic, and oceanic.

  Most of the life forms in the oceans live in, or at least visit, the surface.

Multiple Choice

Do longitude and latitude lines really exist on the earth?

• Yes

• No

Multiple Select

Which direction do longitude line run?

• east to west

• north to south

Multiple Choice

What would you expect to find in the photic zone?

• darkness

• deep water organisms

• more dense ocean water

• aquatic plants

Open Ended

Why do we use latitude and longitude lines?

Multiple Choice

Where can 90% of ocean life be found?

• The neritic zone

• The photic zone

• The aphotic zone

• The oceanic zone

Prime Meridian

An imaginary line that goes north and south on the globe, that means it divides the earth into east and west.  It is 0º longitude.

​Wind Waves

• The largest wind waves are built when a strong wind blows for a long time over a large area.

• It is not the water that travels in a wave; it is the energy that is transferred from where the wave formed.

• A wave breaks when it is too tall to be supported by its base. This is common as a wave moves up the shore.

Multiple Choice

What is this line called?

• longitude

• prime meridian

• latitude

• equator

Equator

An imaginary line that goes east and west on the globe, that means it divides the earth into north and south. It is 0º latitude.

Multiple Choice

What is amplitude?

• the length of a wave

• the sound of a wave

• the height of a wave

• the vertical distance of a wave

Multiple Choice

What is the name of this line?

• prime meridian

• compass

• equator

• longitude

Fill in the Blank

A _____ is the transfer of energy through matter.

Multiple Choice

What is a another name for 0º latitude?

• Equator

• Ocean

• Prime meridian

• Longitude

• Continent