Synovial Joints

Synovial Joints

By Andrew Nelson

Objectives

• List six types of synnovial joints and describe the action of each

• Explain how skeletal muscles produce movements at joints and idenify several types of joint movements​

Articulation of Synovial Joints

• ​articular head covered in cartilage

• Joint capsule holds the bones together (fibrous layer of dense connective tissue​ and an inner linning of synovial membrane that secretes synovial fluid)

• Ligaments keep them from being separated​

Articulation of Synovial Joints

• Some have shock absorbing pads, menisci, between the articulating surfaces

• Some have bursae, fluid filled sacs, commonly located between tendons

  • Patella or olecranon process (elbow)​

• Spheroidal, has egg shaped end with bowl shaped cavity

• Widest range of movement

• Rotational movement​

• Shoulder & hip​

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Ball and Socket

• Ovoid condyle fits into the elliptical cavity of another bone

• metacarpals, phalanges

• back and forth, side to side motion​

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Condylar Joint

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• Also called gliding joint

• Nearly flat, slightly curved

• Wrist and ankle​

• Sliding and twisting​

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Plane Joint

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• Convex surface fits into the concave surface

• elbow, phalanges

• movement in only one plane​

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Hinge Joint

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• Trochoid joint

• Cylindrical surface rotates within a ring (bone and ligament)

• Rotation around the axis

• Joint between atlas and axis​

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Pivot Joint

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• Between bones that have both convex and concave

• Mainly two plane movement

• joint in the thumb​

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Saddle Joint

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Multiple Choice

The shoulder has which type of joint?

• Pivot

• Saddle

• Ball and socket

• Hinge

Multiple Choice

Which joint exists between the metacarpals and the phalanges?

• Plane

• Hinge

• Pivot

• Condylar

Multiple Choice

Where can a saddle joint be found?

• Wrist

• Skull

• Vertebra

• Thumb