English 8 Semester 2 Unit 3-3

English 8 Semester 2

Unit 3-3

3.1 Due Date 4/02

3.2 Due Date 4/08

3.3 Due Date 4/15

3.4.2 CST 4/22

Writing as Craft

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Objectives

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• Identify and avoid common errors related to pronouns and verbs.

• Write an argumentative essay with a claim, reasons, and evidence that comes from researched sources.

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​Review Parts of Speech 3.3.1 page 1

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Noun--- names person, place, thing, idea​

Pronoun---​ word that stands in for a noun

Verb--- ​action word

Adjective--- ​a modifier that describes a

noun

Adverb--- ​a modifier that describes verbs

and adjectives

Preposition--- ​show how things are

related to one another (where

they are)

​3.3.1 pages 2 - 17

Offers many grammatical problems that often cause problems in student writing.

The Quiz asks questions on these issues.​

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There are many featured.... we will deal with a few here.​

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​Active vs Passive voice..... 3.3.1 page 4

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Verbs can appear in either the active voice, the subject of the sentence does the action of the verb. In the passive voice, the subject receives the action of the verb.

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Active:​ The mechanic fixes the car.

Passive: The car is being fixed by the mechanic.​

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Active voice is clearer and stronger.​ Avoid passive voice.

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Open Ended

Rewrite the following sentence in the active voice.

The man was bitten by the dog.

Open Ended

Sometimes it may be necessary to reword more than others.

Rewrite the following sentence in active voice.

It was earlier demonstrated that heart attacks can be caused by high stress.

​Gerunds 3.3.1 page 14

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Don't confuse verbs with words that look like verbs but play a totally different role in a sentence. One example is the gerund. A gerund is an -ing word that acts like a noun: I like swimming.

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Normally swimming would be a verb, but in this case, it's being used as a noun. If you replace swimming with an activity that doesn't end in -ing, such as football or science, the sentence still makes sense.

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Multiple Choice

IDENTIFY THE GERUND(S) 
Blowing bubbles on a windy day is a fun activity for children.

• bubbles
• activity
• blowing
• children

Multiple Choice

IDENTIFY THE GERUND(S) 
Ethan narrowly avoided driving off the cliff.

• narrowly
• driving
• Ethan
• cliff

Multiple Choice

IDENTIFY THE GERUND(S) 
Jessica really enjoys bothering the neighbors with loud music.

• Jessica
• bothering
• loud
• music

Multiple Choice

IDENTIFY THE GERUND(S) 
We're going to see the changing of the guard at Buckingham Palace.

• going
• guard
• see
• changing

​The infinitive form of a verb is its basic, dictionary form, which always starts with to. Examples include to run and to write.

Like gerunds, verbs in the infinitive form can act like other parts of speech — in this case, as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb. See how this works in some examples. 3.3.1 page 15

Multiple Choice

Find the infinitive in "My dog likes to play frisbee."

• dog

• likes to

• to play

• play frisbee

Multiple Choice

Find the infinitive: We all like to eat cake.

• all like

• like to

• to eat

• eat cake

​Finally, a participle is a word that looks like a verb but acts as an adjective. The participle and the word or words it modifies make up a participle phrase. Here are some examples. 3.3.1 page 16

Multiple Choice

The thief abandoned the __________ car near the hospital.

• stealing

• steals

• stolen

Multiple Choice

The child refused to play with the _____ racquet.

• breaking

• broken

• breaks

Open Ended

Why are we reviewing gerunds, infinitives and participles?

​3.3.4 Page 1 Write an argumentative essay.

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3 important words!!!

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• Drafting is writing the introduction paragraph, the body paragraph, and the conclusion paragraph.

• Revising is going over the essay to make sure it meets the requirements of the assignment.

• Editing is fixing any sentence-level problems, such as misspellings, typos, and incorrect punctuation.

​We will NOT be doing peer evaluation!!!!

​Quoting vs. Paraphrasing 3.3.4 page 6

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The body paragraphs are where most of the evidence from your research goes: the facts, statistics, quotes, and examples that back up your supporting reasons. There are two ways to share this information with the reader. You can quote, or you can paraphrase. Review both options.

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​IMPORTANT:

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You don't want to write a "Quote Collage." The essay needs to be YOUR thoughts!

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​When you paraphrase .... Totally paraphrase. Doing a word for word paraphrase is plagiarism!​

​In-text citations: 3.3.4 page 7

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Whether you quote or paraphrase, you have to show the reader where you got your evidence.

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​Avoid Plagiarism 3.3.4 page 8

Open Ended

Why do we make a big deal about plagiarism?

​Works Cited 3.3.4 page 11

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Each in-text citation in your essay should point directly to a source on your works-cited list. For example, if you end a sentence with the citation (Patel), the reader can look for the name Patel on your works-cited list to find more information about the source.

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​"the hanging indent"

alphabetized

not just a link

easybib.com hit MLA

on its own page​

Works Cited​

In-texts = Works Cited​

Multiple Choice

The reason a hanging indent is helpful is because

• It makes the Works Cited page attractive

• It improves a student's technology skills

• It makes the first word of each entry stand out

• It isn't helpful at all

Multiple Choice

A Works Cited page is ________ spaced.

• single
• double
• triple

Multiple Choice

Only sources actually cited in the research paper should be included on the Works Cited page.

• TRUE
• FALSE

Multiple Choice

If my citation has no author

• the title is preceded by 5 dash marks

• the citation is indented 5 spaces

• the citation begins with the title at the left margin

• citations without authors appear at the end of the works cited page

IMPORTANT!​

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page 12 deals with transitions

page 13 deals with formal language​

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It wouldn't be in the lesson if it wasn't important!​

​MLA formatting: 3.3.4 page 15

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Indentation---- each paragraph​ indents 1/2 inch

Hit the TAB key.

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Spacing----EVERYTHING is double spaced.​

​Respond to ME in CHAT:


What is the purpose of documentation? Why do we bother?