ESOL

ESOL listening section

By Becky Powell

Multiple Choice

The same, like, he's the same tall like me, but he looks. like, older.

The error in the student's statement involves the use of which of the following?

• Figurative language

• superlative adjectives (est, most, least)

• relative clauses (gives information about the noun starts with who. that, which, whose, where, when

• comparative structures (compare 2 people or more.

  Here the student attempeted to use elements that compare the same like me as me

Multiple Choice

People started eating bananas thousands of years ago. Scientists who study plants think this fruit first grew in Asia.

• Initial (0)

  The student is able to pronounce f, and s sounds, and final s sounds. she stumbles with (o) sounds, however producing what is more accurately described as (s) in this position

• Initial (F)

• Initial (S)

• Final (s)

Multiple Choice

Bees are furry insects with six legs. In the underlined word, the student demonstrates difficulty with which of the following?

• consonant clusters

  have no vowel sounds spl spr ts cts blends

• vowels in initial position

• voiceless consonants in final position (hh,sh,tt,pp)

• word stress

Multiple Choice

Which of the following conditions must be adhered to for a school district to be in compliance with the Equal Educational Opportunities Act?

• Retaining ESOL students in language acquisition programs after they have acquired English proficiently

• Enrolling ESOL students in additional English Language Arts classes to increase their exposure it academic literature

• Placing all students who speak a language other than English at home in a state approved ESOL program

• Communicating meaningfully and successfully with non English speaking or limited English speaking parents or guardians of ESOL students.

EEOA (Equal Educational Opportunities Act)

One of the factors for determining whether the school district is in compliance with the EEOA is to ensure that the district has taken the appropriate measures for communicating meaningfully with non english speaking or limited english speaking parents or guardians of esol students. One such measure, for example, is providing parents or guardians with an accurate translation of important documents and notices.

Some text here about the topic of discussion

​EEOA of 1974 1. prohibits discrimination 2. requires action to overcome barriers.

Multiple Choice

An English teacher approaches and ESOL teacher about a problem she is having with a newly arrived ESOL student whom they share. Ms. Renert is frustrated because the student constantly tries to negotiate the amt of hw that must be completed. Mr. Turner knows that the student comes from a culture where time consuming, rigorous hw assignments are not typically given. Which of the following suggestions by Mr. Turner is most appropriate

• The student is being unnecessarily defiant. I suggest meeting with the students parents and the principal and seek disciplinary action

• The student is most likely experiencing culture shock. Until the student has spent more time in the U.S. you should indulge the students request by negotiating an amt of hw the student feels comfortable with

• It is imp for the student to assimilate to U.S. culture as much as possible. You should continue to deny the students request for less hw and eventually the student will learn that it is unacceptable

• The student holds the belief that noncompletion of hw assignments is acceptable. Next time the student tries to negotiate work, explain that in the U.S. students are expected to complete an entire assignment

​an important responsibility of the esol teacher is to advocate for esol students by helping school staff understand miscommunications that are rooted in cross cultural differences. In this scenorio, the newly arrived esol student is acting accordance with prior educational experiences in another country. The most appropiate response in esol teacher can give is suggest that the english teacher explain the expectations for hw assignments in the U.S. since the student is unaware.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following fields of study is primarily concerned with the meaning of words., phrases, and metaphorical expressions?

• Phonetics

• semantics

  semantics is the study of meaning in words, phrases, and sentences.

• morphology

• syntax

  Syntax is the order or arrangement of words and phrases to form proper sentences.

Multiple Choice

Mr. Martinez plans to distribute the following handout to ESL students and their family members as they enter her classroom at the beginning of back to school night. In addition to the topes addresses in the handout, it would be most beneficial for ms martinez to present information about?

• the cultural backgrounds of the families in the third grade class

• revelant guidelines and protocols of the school system

• the learning materials that will supplement the curriculum

• opportunities for family members to volunteer at school events

Multiple Select

Which of the following is an example of minimal pairs? Select all that apply

• fare/fair

  homophones

• fair/care

• fair/pear

• fare/wear

​MINIMAL PAIRS

a pair of words, as pin and bin, or bet and bed, differing only by one sound in the same position in each word, especially when such a pair is taken as evidence for the existence of a phonemic contrast between the two sounds.​ Other examples hit/hid, chip/cheap, ran/rain,neck,knock.

​Creative Construction Hypothesis -the native language of a learner does not have much influence on the acquisition of another language. Moreover, the CCH held that there is not much difference between first and second language acquisition.

Contrastive Analysis Hypothesis​- Contrastive analysis is the systematic study of a pair of languages with a view to identifying their structural differences and similarities.

Fundamental Difference Hypothesis - The fundamental difference hypothesis in language motivation posits that learning a language is fundamentally different from learning other school subjects.​

Direct Contrast Hypothesis​ - Direct negative evidence is a term used in the study of the acquisition of language. It describes the attempts of competent speakers of a language to guide the grammatical use of novice speakers, such as children.

Multiple Choice

The idea that a language learner's errors can be predicted by comparing the language system of the learner's native language and the target language is best summarized by?

• The creative construction hypothesis

• the contrastive analysis hypothesis

• the fundamental difference hypothesis

• the direct contrast hypothesis

Multiple Choice

Ms. Martinez plans to distribute the following handout to her ESL students and their family members as they enter her classroom at the beginning of back to school night. What would be most beneficial for Ms Martinez to present information about?

• the cultural background of families in the third grade class

• relevant guidelines and protocols of the school system

• the learning materials that will supplement the curriculum

• opportunities for family members to volunteer at school events

​this question focuses on relaying important information to families of esl students. in general the families may be unfamiliar with the basic guidelines and protocols ranging from attendance policy to how the bus system works of a school system in the united states

Multiple Choice

a high school science teacher asks a esol teacher about the best way to use sheltered english instruction for ells in the science classroom. which of the following

• requesting that bilingual paraprofessionals be assigned to the class who can explain difficult concepts to ells in their native language

• planning introductory lessons that provide. background context on the topic being covered and ensuring that resources such as visual supports are available to ells thereafter

• assigning a native english speaking student to each ell to serve as a classroom buddy and answer questions during lessons

• inventing a specific signal that ells can use to indicate to the science teacher that they are having trouble during classroom activities

​this is showing sheltered english instruction. sheltered english instruction seeks to develop ells content area knowledge at grade level through the use of scaffolding techniques and comprehensible input.. the ells with background information and ensuring that resources that make content easier to understand are available to them.

Multiple Choice

The following question is based on an excerpt from and ell's essay about people. I like funny people. I thing my cousin make me laugh and I thing hi's most funny person i my family. He likes to mimic people. I also like smart people. My friend ivan is the smart person in the world class. My mother is nice and she is kindest person I know. Sometimes my brother is help me, not always. Mr friend Julia is most loyalest person of my friends.

Based on the errors in the writing sample, the ELL would most benefit from further instruction on the formation of

• superlative adjectives (est)

• comparative adjectives (er)

• demonstrative pronouns ( takes place of a noun - this that these those)

• possessive pronouns (my, mine your yours her hers their his our

Multiple Choice

The journal "TESOL Quarterly" is most likely to contain which of the following?

• reports of current research related to teaching english to speakers of other languages in the United States and abroad

• sample lesson plans and thematic units of teaching english to speakers of other languages

• quarterly updates on changes to national esl standards in the united states

• helpful tips and techniques for teachers of english to speakers of other languages

​The TESOL quarterly is a professional journal dedicated to disseminating (spread information widely) research topics of interest to individuals in the field of English language teaching.

Multiple Choice

Alexandra and Tobias are ELLs who recently arrived in the US from two different countries and share the same esol class. which of the following is the best example of a cultural disconnect in chronemics that could occur between the two ells?

• alexandra tries to stand. very close to Tobias when speaking to him but Tobias continously steps back to reclaim his personal space

• tobis becomes upset with alexandra when she is twenty minutes lates meeting him at the library, but alexandra does not view her lateness as being rude

• alexandra is comfortable working with tobias independently on a class project but tobias seeks constant. guidance from the teacher

• tobias waves hello to alexandra at the start of the day to greet her, but Alexandra tries to shake hands with tobias to greet him.

​Chronemics refers to the way that different cultures perceive time.

Multiple Select

which of the following statements are true regarding the education of undocumented esol students according to federal policy

• undocumented esol students are entitled to a public school education

• undocumented esol students must submit proof that they are currently applying for citizenship to receive a public school education

• school districts may not require about undocumented esol students' immigration status

• school districts must charge undocumented esol students a tuition fee

​Plyler v Doe undocumented esol students are entitled to a public school education, and school districts may not inquire about immigration status.. they can not be charged tuition

​aculturation -Acculturation is a process through which a person or group from one culture comes to adopt the practices and values of another culture, while still retaining their own distinct culture.(food customs)

ethnocentrism​-The usual definition of the term is "thinking one's own group's ways are superior to others" or "judging other groups as inferior to one's own".

assimilation -he process whereby individuals or groups of differing ethnic heritage are absorbed into the dominant culture of a society. (replace original culture

​stereotyping -to form a fixed and often untrue or only partly true idea about It's unfair to stereotype people according to where they live

Multiple Choice

The belief that one's own culture should be used as a measure by which to evaluate and judge others from different cultures is best defined

• acculation

• ethnocentrism

• assimilation

• stereotyping

​a low content culture- communities in direct manner relys on words does not rely on tone of voice

monochronic culture - do one thing at a time dont tolerate lateness or interruptions​

high context culture - ​use communication that focuses on underlying context, meaning, and tone in the message, and not just the words themselves

polychronic culture -a culture does many things at once. can handle interruptions well

​when speaking with the teacher the parent focused on words used in the conversation and does not rely on nonverbal aspects of communication. people from low context cultures typically rely on what is being said in. conversation to derive meaning instead of indirect statements of nonverbal means

Multiple Choice

When speaking to an esl student's parent, the teacher notices the parent comes across as very direct, giving only facts and primarly focusing on the words spoken rather than nonverbal forms of communication. Based on the description, it is highly likely that the parent comes from

• low context culture

• a monochronic culture

• a high context culture

• a poly chronic culture

Multiple Choice

I think the best advice is that join some after school club to let him ask questions about the school. we can also ask different student already in our school for a long time come to answer those question. Also to tell them something to be aware of and some thing or a few rule they might not know.

The most prevalent errors in the writing sample involve

• number agreement

• subject verb agreement

• verb tense

• use of prepositiond

Multiple Choice

Cats are much than dogs. Cats are cleaner, more beautiful, and can take car of themselves. Dogs are messy and need constant attention from humans. Cats are very nice, while dogs are very mean.

After the students have written their responses, the teacher begins a discussion about their reactions to the sentences by asking the students whether they think the sentences are true. The activity is most likely a precursor to additional instruction on

• the negative effects of stereotyping

• the primary aspects of cultural assimilation

• the principles of individualist cultures

• the cultural norms of the United States

​Castaneda v Pickard federal guidelines stipulate that esol programs must. be evaluated for effectiveness. based on three criteria: whether or not the program is. based on sound educational theory, whether or not the program is based on sound educational theory, whether or not it has been implemented effectively, and whether or not the program has proved to be effective after a designated trail period.

​

texas 3 part test

1. district had to adopt sound approach to education of child who are esol

2. reasonably impliment approach

3. monitor approach was working​

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes a primary characteristic of a collectivist culture?

• Tasks are typically completed one after the other, not simultaneously

• The needs of the group outweigh the needs of the individual

• Historical events are communicated orally from one generation to the next.

• Individuals are rewarded for independent thinking

​A primary characteristic of collectivist cultures is that they value the needs of the group versus those of the individual. Family and community relationships are highly regarded, with individuals within these relationships working to maintain the well-being of the group as a whole.

Multiple Select

According to federal guidelines, which of the following criteria are used to evaluate a school district's ESOL program. select all that apply

• whether or not the program is based on sound educational theory

• whether or not the program has been implemented effectively using adequate resources and personnel

• whether or not the program promotes a positive outlook on cultural diversity

• whether or not the program has proved to be effective after a specified trail period

​register- is the way people use different words, spelling or grammar—talk or write differently—to different people, in different situations. They might be more polite to strangers, for example. Or they will be more respectful to their boss at work

conjugation​- the inflection of verbs

tone​- voice expression

syntax​-the arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language

Multiple Choice

A middle school esol class recently received a visit from a local government official. Several of the students greeted the official by saying. "Hey, what's up?" and "Hi, how's it going?" as he walked into the room. The principal overheard the greetings and later questioned the teacher about the lack of respect shown by the students. In response, the teacher devised a lesson that modeled different kinds of greetings that. can be used depending on the nature of the relationship people have with one another.

The lesson primarily focuses on honing the students' understanding of

• register

• conjugation

• tone

• syntax

Multiple Choice

Ms. Addison i a middl school Esol teacher whose class has population of newcomers who recently arrived in the United States. She wants to make her classroom as comfortable and accessible as possible to these students. Which of the following is the most appropriate first step that Ms. Addison can take toward accomplishing the goal?

• studying basic phrases in the native language of the newcomers so that she can converse with them intelligently

• asking the parents of the newcomers to observe her classroom and offer ideas about how to improve her class

• keeping a journal in which she notes the newcomers' reactions and interactions to inform modifications to classroom routines.

• inviting the newcomers to tell her what parts of her class they are most and least comfortable with

Multiple Choice

which of the following is the most appropriate way for an esol teacher to get to know students' cultural identities?

• asking students to prepare a traditional food from their home culture to share with the class

• giving students a questionnaire about the cultural affiliations and native language use

• arranging students into learning groups based on their native language and observing how group members interact with each other

• incorporating information about sociocultural aspects of the united states into lessons

​compound bilingualism- 2 languages - same environment. parents speak both an individual who learns two languages in the same environment so that he/she acquires one notion with two verbal expressions.

coordinate bilingualism - learns languages separately one at home one at school

vertical bilingualism - where a dialect is used in conjunction with another language

receptive bilingualism - A receptive bilingual is someone who has native-fluency in one language and can understand but not speak a second language

Multiple Choice

Which of the following types of bilingualism best describes a student whose two languages are learned in overtly separate contexts?

• compound bilingualism

• coordinate bilingualism

• vertical bilingualism

• receptive bilingualism

​Several phrases of culture shock

​

euphoric stage - when someone is excited and happy about living in a new culture​

distressed stage - where someone can become overwhelmed, frustrated, or depressed

acceptance stage - where someone begins to identify, understand, and accept cultural differences that exist between the home and new cultures​

​

Multiple Select

Which of the following accurately describes a stage of culture shock? Select all that apply

• an ell prefers instructional activities about United states culture that features visual support, such as movies and posters

• an ell appears overly excited about living in the united states and expresses interest in embracing popular foods, music, and hobbies in the united states culture

• an ell writes a journal entry about beginning to understand and accept some of the differences between his home home culture and the united states culture

• all ell appears frustrated by new surroundings in the united states and becomes upset when unable to communicate effectively in english

​pidginization-A simplified form of speech that is usually a mixture of two or more languages, has a rudimentary grammar and vocabulary, is used for communication between groups speaking different languages, and is not spoken as a first or native language. Also called contact language.

foreigner talk​ -the term applied to the way some people will talk to a foreigner. They will use short sentences, simple grammar and a slow and precise delivery.

circumlocution​-a roundabout or indirect way of speaking; the use of more words than necessary to express an idea

code switching - ​the alternating or mixed use of two or more languages,

Multiple Choice

A ninth grader esl teacher observes the following interaction between an ell, mei, and a native english speaking classmate. Rosa, as they look at a poster, for an upcoming sporting event at school. Which of the following primarily occurs in the interaction between Rosa and Mei?

• pidginization

• foreigner talk

• circumlocution

• code-switching

Multiple Select

Which of the following are primary examples of prejudicial behavior toward ells that are most likely to have adverse effects on them. Select all that apply

• a student slows down his or her speech so that a beginning level ell can better understand the conversation

• a student openly makes fun of an ell for having an accent when the ell speaks in english

• a student steps back when an ell seemingly invades the student's personal space

• a student expresses distaste when an ell brings traditional food to school to eat for lunch