Semester 2: Physical Science Review

Semester 2: Physical Science Review

By ERIN PILGREEN

Multiple Choice

Waves that require a medium are called 

• mechanical waves
• transverse waves
• light waves
• gamma rays

Multiple Choice

True or false: as you move along the spectrum, radio to gamma waves, the wavelengths decrease in size (get smaller)

• true
• false

Multiple Choice

During which interval is the object not moving?

• B to C
• C to D
• D to E
• only at point A

Multiple Choice

A wave with a large wavelength will have a ______ frequency and _____ energy

• high, low
• high, high
• low, high
• low, low

Multiple Choice

What happens when you increase the amplitude of a sound?

• it makes the sound louder
• it makes the sound travel faster
• it increases the wavelength of the sound
• it increases the frequency of the sound

Multiple Choice

Select the correct order of waves on the EMS from the longest wavelength to the shortest wavelength

• Radio, Micro, Infra, Visible, Ultra, X-ray, Gamma
• Gamma, X-ray, Ultra, Vis, Infra, Micro, Radio
• Vis, Micro, Infra, Ultra, X-ray, Gamma, Radio
• Micro, Radio, Vis, Infra, Ultra, X-ray, Gamma

Multiple Choice

What does the term displacement mean?

• The direction of motion

• The distance traveled divided by time

• The change of position of an object

Multiple Choice

Which has the LONGEST wavelength and, therefore, the lowest frequency/energy

• Gamma Rays
• Radio Waves
• Visible Light
• Infrared rays

Multiple Choice

What kind of wave is pictured below?

• compressional wave

• transverse wave

• sound wave

• mechanical wave

Multiple Choice

Which has the SHORTEST wavelength and, therefore, the highest frequency/most energy

• Radio waves
• Ultraviolet Rays
• Gamma Rays
• X-rays

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the closest match to the definition of motion?

• An objects change in position relative to a reference point
• The change in position of an object
• Constant speed

Multiple Choice

Which section of the spectrum is the ONLY one we can see?

• X-rays
• Visible Light
• Gamma Rays
• Ultraviolet Rays

Multiple Choice

What can electromagnetic waves travel through?

• mediums
• empty space
• solely solids
• both mediums and empty space

Multiple Choice

How are electromagnetic waves different from other waves? 

• They have very short wavelengths 
• They transmit energy instead of matter 
• They can travel through empty space
• They can change direction by reflection 

Multiple Choice

What is the definition of velocity?

• A force that opposes motion
• Uniform circular motion
• The speed of an object in a particular direction

Multiple Choice

Which of the following electromagnetic waves has the lowest energy?

• gamma ray
• infrared wave
• visible light wave
• microwave

Multiple Choice

What property of this wave is represented by the letter "A"

• amplitude
• crest
• trough
• wavelength

Multiple Choice

As the frequency of an electromagnetic wave increases, the amount of energy in that wave...

• increases.
• decreases.
• stays the same.

Multiple Choice

What is the definition of speed?

• Distance/Time
• Change in velocity/Time
• A change in momentum

Multiple Choice

High frequency waves have _________ wavelengths.

• varying
• long
• the same
• short

Multiple Choice

What property of the wave is represented by the letter "B"?

• amplitude
• crest
• trough
• wavelength

Multiple Choice

The distance between two crests or two troughs of a wave is called:

• frequency
• amplitud
• wavelength
• hertz

Multiple Choice

How is velocity different than speed?

• Speed opposes velocity
• Velocity is speed with a direction
• None of the answers are correct

Multiple Choice

How much of the electromagnetic spectrum is visible?

• All of it
• None of it
• Most of it
• Only a small part

Multiple Choice

What do waves carry from place to place?

• Energy, but not matter or particles
• Energy and matter or particles
• Matter or particles but not energy
• Neither energy nor matter or particles

Multiple Choice

The height of the wave from the rest position is known as the _____________.

• amplitude
• crest
• trough
• wavelength

Multiple Choice

An object traveling in a circular motion is always changing its ______ and ______.

• rotation, velocity
• direction, velocity

Multiple Choice

What are electromagnetic waves?

• sound waves
• electric & magnetic fields (energy) that travel through empty space very quickly
• Someone's name
• things like longitudinal waves

Multiple Choice

Which wave is pictured?

• Transverse
• Longitudinal
• Both
• Neither

Multiple Choice

A force is an action exerted on a body in order to change the body's state of ______.

• Balance
• Being
• Proximity
• Motion

Multiple Choice

A wave carries...?

• energy only
• matter only
• energy and matter
• neither

Multiple Choice

The ability to do work by applying force is called

• work

• energy

• force

• net force

Multiple Choice

What type of wave move a slinky back and forth?

• longitudinal
• transverse

Multiple Choice

During which interval is the object traveling at a constant velocity?

• B to C
• D to E
• F to G
• it traveling at a constant velocity during all of the intervals shown.

Multiple Choice

Which vocabulary term is used to identify the distance between points C & G?

• Amplitude
• Crest
• Frequency
• Wavelength

Multiple Choice

Calculate the net force of the object in the image shown.

• 20N
• 35N
• 5N
• 25N

Multiple Choice

Which wave in the diagram has the greatest frequency?

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4

Multiple Choice

During which interval is the object speeding up?

• A to B
• B to C
• D to E
• E to F

Multiple Choice

Which wave in the diagram has the greatest wavelength?

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4

Multiple Choice

Which statement best explains Newton's Third Law of Motion?

• An object at rest tends to stay at rest.
• For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
• The acceleration of an object is based on the force applied.
• An object continues its motion until an unbalanced force is applied.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following can sound travel through?

• solid
• liquid
• gas
• all of the above

Multiple Choice

During which interval is the object slowing down?

• A to B
• D to E
• E to F
• G to H

Multiple Choice

What type of wave is this?

• Longitudinal
• Transverse

Multiple Choice

Calculate the net force of the object in the image shown.

• 20N
• 35N
• 5N
• 25N

Multiple Choice

Acceleration occurs when an object changes its speed or ______.

• direction
• force
• inertia
• mass

Multiple Choice

The ability to do work or cause change is called———-

• Strength

• Energy

• Superpower

• Temperature

Multiple Choice

Which runner stopped for a rest?

• Albert
• Bob
• Charlie

Multiple Choice

Which number shows kinetic energy at its maximum?

• three

• two

• four

• five

Multiple Choice

Which runner won the race?

• Albert
• Bob
• Charlie

Multiple Choice

Kinetic energy is the energy of————-

• Temperature

• Ocean

• Lotion

• Motion

Multiple Choice

This is a velocity-time graph.  What is the object doing in segment A?

• Positive acceleration
• Negative acceleration
• Constant Velocity
• Not moving

Multiple Choice

What is the net force?

• 3 N

• 3 N, right

• 17 N, right

• 3 N, left

Multiple Choice

This is a velocity-time graph.  What is the object doing in segment C?

• Positive acceleration
• Negative acceleration
• Constant Velocity
• Not moving

Multiple Choice

The total energy of all the particles in a sample of matter is called —————

• Total Energy

• Thermal Energy

• Kinetic Energy

• Particle Energy

Multiple Choice

Calculate the acceleration for segment A.

• 2 m/s²
• 20 m/s²
• -2 m/s²
• 0 m/s²

Multiple Choice

Which is the best example of Newton's First Law of Motion?

• a basketball thrown in the air falls to the ground
• a soccer ball remains motionless until it is kicked by a player
• a baseball player swings at an approaching ball
• an ice skater pushes back from a wall and moves backwards

Multiple Choice

A car driving at 50 miles per hour drives for 2 hours. What distance did it cover?

• 50 miles
• 25 miles
• 100 miles
• 75 miles

Multiple Choice

Temperature of a material depends upon the average —————— of its particles

• Kinetic energy

• Thermal energy

• Heat energy

• Particle energy

Multiple Choice

A truck driving at 60 miles per hour travels 150 miles. How long is it driving for?

• 9000 hours
• 0.4 hours
• 210 hours
• 2.5 hours

Multiple Choice

What is the net force?

• 20 N 
• 0 N 
• 400 N 
• 40 N 

Multiple Choice

What does this graph represent?

• Constant speed
• Acceleration
• Not moving

Multiple Choice

the average kinetic energy of the particles in iced tea is —————than the average kinetic energy of the particles in hot tea.

• louder

• Prettier

• Higher

• Lower

Multiple Choice

What does this graph represent?

• Constant Speed
• Acceleration
• Not moving

Multiple Choice

What is the net force?

• 3 N

• 3 N, right

• 17 N, right

• 3 N, left

Multiple Choice

What does this graph represent?

• Constant speed
• Acceleration
• Not moving

Multiple Choice

Thermal energy is transferred from————-

• A cooler object to a hotter one

• A hotter object to a cooler one

Multiple Choice

According to the graph how fast does the person travel in the first 5 seconds?

• 2 m/s
• 10 m/s
• 12.5 m/s
• 1 m/s

Multiple Choice

A ____________ is a push or a pull on an object.

• friction

• force

• magnet

• gravity

Multiple Choice

The speed of the vehicle between points A-B is...

• 12m/s
• 8m/s
• 10m/s
• 16m/s

Multiple Choice

Thermal Energy depends upon the energy of the particles as well as the number of particles.

Which would have more thermal energy, a small cube of Ice at zero Celsius or a large cube of ice at zero Celsius?

• The large ice cube because it has more particles than the small ice cube

• The small cube of ice because it will melt faster than the large ice cube

• Neither, they are cold so they do not have thermal energy

• both have the same thermal energy because they are both at zero Celsius.

Multiple Choice

Acceleration of an object happens when things ________

• slow down
• go faster
• change direction (turn)
• All of the above

Multiple Choice

An object is resting motionless on a surface. According to Newton's 1st Law, the object will only start to move if

• the net forces on the object equal zero
• an unbalanced force is applied to the object
• the upward force of the object is equal to its acceleration
• two forces that are equal and opposite are applied to the object

Multiple Choice

The SI unit for acceleration is

• mph
• m/s
• m/s²

Multiple Choice

The movement of thermal energy from a hotter object to a colder one is called

• Motion

• Kinetic energy

• Temperature

• Heat

Multiple Choice

Acceleration: is the rate of change in ___________.

• speed
• distance
• velocity 
• displacement 

Multiple Choice

If these teams are pulling with the same amount of force what will happen?

• The boy in blue will win.
• They will not move at all.
• The boy in red will win.
• Both will fall down.

Multiple Choice

Molecules with more kinetic energy move ———- than molecules with less kinetic energy

• Lower

• Faster

• Higher

• Slower

Multiple Choice

Stored energy or energy due to its position is called

• mechanical energy

• potential energy

• kinetic energy

• thermal energy

Multiple Choice

While temperature refers to an average of the kinetic energy of particles, thermal energy refers to ———— kinetic energy

• Transferred

• Total

• Added

• Lost

Multiple Choice

Forces that have a net force of zero Newtons

• Balanced force

• Unbalanced force

Multiple Choice

Which sample has molecules with more average kinetic energy ?

• Sample B, because it has more molecules

• Sample A because it has faster moving molecules

• Sample A because it has yellow molecules

• Sample B because it has brown molecules

Multiple Choice

A truck that is travelling at a constant speed is carrying some boxes.  If the truck comes to a sudden stop, what will most likely happen to the boxes?

• They will stay in the middle of the truck.
• They will slide toward the front of the truck.
• They will slide toward the back of the truck.
• They will fall off the side of the truck.

Multiple Choice

Which sample has the higher temperature?

• Sample B because it has more thermal energy and more molecules

• Sample B because the molecules are brown

• Sample A because the molecules are moving faster and have more average kinetic energy

• Sample A because yellow is such a hot color

Multiple Choice

The sum of all forces acting on an object.

• Contact Force
• Balanced Force
• Unbalanced Force
• Net Force

Multiple Choice

If you brought sample A and B close together , in what direction would heat be transferred?

• From sample A to sample B

• From sample B to sample A

• Heat would not be transferred.

• sample A and sample B would both transfer heat to each other.

Multiple Choice

What is the net force?

• 20 N 
• 0 N 
• 400 N 
• 40 N 

Multiple Choice

In this picture, heat is being transferred from sample B to sample A. When will the heat transfer stop?

• Heat transfer will keep on until object B has zero thermal energy

• Heat transfer will not stop, it will keep going

• Heat transfer will stop when sample A and sample B have reached the same temperature.

Multiple Choice

What will cause an object to move?

• Applied forces
• Balanced forces
• Unbalanced forces

Multiple Choice

even though sample A has a higher temperature, sample B has a higher thermal energy. Pick the correct explanation from the choices below

• the molecules in sample B are brown and have high energy

• the molecules in sample A are yellow and have low energy

• thermal energy is higher when temperature is lower

• there are many more molecules in sample B which make the total energy higher

Multiple Choice

The force that draws all objects towards Earth.

• friction
• gravity
• mass
• acceleration

Multiple Choice

With unbalanced forces, the object will move in the direction of the _______ force.

• larger 
• smaller 
• equal 

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements about a skier skiing down a steep slope is true?

• His kinetic energy decreases and his potential energy increases

• His potential energy decreases and his kinetic energy increases

• His chemical energy increases

• Both his potential and kinetic energy increases

Multiple Choice

A force is a push or pull measured in what units? 

• Meters per second, squared
• Kilograms 
• Newtons 

Multiple Choice

A rubbing together force that slows things down and stops them.  It works against motion.

• acceleration
• mass
• gravity
• friction

Multiple Choice

When the vectors (arrows) point in the same direction what function do you use? 

• Dividing 
• Multiplying 
• Subtracting 
• Adding 

Multiple Choice

A ____________ is a push or a pull on an object.

• friction

• force

• magnet

• gravity

Multiple Choice

When the vectors (arrows) point away what function do you use?

• Dividing

• Multiplying

• Subtracting

• Adding

Multiple Choice

The soccer ball is sitting on the half line and Zach runs up to kick it.  What law will occur when he kicks it?

• An object at rest will remain at rest unless acted on by an unbalanced force.
• An object will remain motionless until it decides to move.
• The harder Zack kicks the ball, the less distance it will travel.
• Time travel has always been possible.  You just have to believe.

Multiple Choice

If an object is not moving the forces acting upon it are _____________

• unbalanced
• weak
• balanced
• Hulk Smash!

Multiple Choice

Which of the following objects has kinetic energy?

• A lamp that is turned off

• A bike parked at the top of a hill

• a ball thrown across the yard

• Fallen leaves laying on the ground below a tree

Multiple Choice

The force that is acting on all objects in a downward motion.

• Gravitational

• Normal

• Buoyant

• Frictional

Multiple Choice

If Brandon wants the  baseball to go far, he must use _________ force when he swings the bat.

• no
• equal
• less
• more

Multiple Choice

A drawing that shows all of the forces acting upon an object.

• Box with arrow

• Free body diagram

• Pilgreen diagram

• Force diagram

Multiple Choice

If these teams are pulling with the same amount of force what will happen?

• The boy in blue will win.
• They will not move at all.
• The boy in red will win.
• Both will fall down.

Multiple Choice

The force that is exerted in the opposite direction on a object as the object moves across it.

• Bouyant

• Spring

• Applied

• Friction

Multiple Choice

Newton's first law that says an object at rest will remain at rest unless acted upon by an unbalanced force is also called the law of 

• acceleration
• inertia
• action and reaction
• may the force be with you

Multiple Choice

The tool used to measure FORCE.

• Meter Stick

• Scale

• Spring Scale

• Forceometer

Multiple Choice

Which letter shows where is potential energy stored or at its maximum point?

• Y

• W

• X

• Z

Multiple Choice

Force is a ___________ quantity

• Scalar

• Vector

Multiple Choice

What kind(s) of objects have inertia?

• all objects with mass
• only objects at rest
• only objects in motion
• only objects whose motion is being changed

Multiple Choice

The force that from the contact of two objects.

• applied

• normal

• friction

• buoyant

Multiple Choice

Forces that have a net force of zero Newtons

• Balanced force

• Unbalanced force

Multiple Choice

The upward force exerted on an object that is exerted from the a stable object its in contact with. In opposition to gravity.

• Magnetic

• Friction

• Normal

• Buoyant

Multiple Choice

A book weighs 4 N. When held at rest in your hands, the net force on the book is
 

• 0 N.
•  0.4 N.
•  4 N.
•  39 N.

Multiple Choice

Potential energy depends on ______ and _______.

• height, mass

• weight, mass

• speed, mass

• height, speed

Multiple Choice

A 20 kg bike accelerates at 10 m/s².  what was the net force

• 25 Newtons
• 20 Newtons
• 200 Newtons
• 10 Newtons

Multiple Choice

The sum of all forces acting on an object.

• Contact Force
• Balanced Force
• Unbalanced Force
• Net Force

Multiple Choice

Which force produces a change in motion?

• unbalanced force
• balanced force
• gravitational force
• frictional force

Multiple Choice

The two types of energy listed under mechanical energy

• kinetic and nuclear

• potential and kinetic

• potential and nuclear

• wind and thermal

Multiple Choice

What is the standard unit force is measured in?

• Newtons
• pounds
• grams
• meters

Multiple Choice

What will cause an object to move?

• Applied forces
• Balanced forces
• Unbalanced forces

Multiple Choice

What is the formula for force?

• F=M/A
• F=MA
• F=AX
• what is force?

Multiple Choice

Which letter shows where kinetic energy is at is highest point?

• X

• Y

• W

• Z

Multiple Choice

According to Newton's second law, if you increase the force applied to an object :

• it accelerates more
• it doesn't move
• you get more inertia
• it decelerates

Multiple Choice

With unbalanced forces, the object will move in the direction of the _______ force.

• larger 
• smaller 
• equal 

Multiple Choice

How long will an object remain at rest, according to Newton's First Law of Motion?

• it can't rest
• until noon
• until an unbalanced force occurs
• as long as there are unbalanced forces acting on it 

Multiple Choice

Which of the following answer choices is NOT an example of potential energy?

• Running down a steep hill on vacation

• Holding a basketball in practice

• A drawn bow in an archer's hand

• A baseball at its highest point in the air

Multiple Choice

You pull a wagon with your younger sister in it. Which of these would accelerate the rate at which you can pull the wagon?

• pull the wagon with less force
• Pull the wagon with more force
• Have your sister push down on the wagon
• Put another of your siblings in the wagon

Multiple Choice

A force is a push or pull measured in what units? 

• Meters per second, squared
• Kilograms 
• Newtons 

Multiple Choice

Which Newton's Law is this statement? You are ice skating, you throw a heavy snowball forward. Suddenly you are pushed backward.

• Law of Inertia

• Law of Action/Reaction

• Law of Force

Multiple Choice

Where is kinetic energy at its minimum?

• Z

• W

• X

• Y

Multiple Choice

Which Newton's Law is this statement? The larger the mass the slower the acceleration rate.

• Law of Inertia

• Law of Force

• Law of Action/Reaction

Multiple Choice

When the vectors (arrows) point in the same direction what function do you use? 

• Dividing 
• Multiplying 
• Subtracting 
• Adding 

Multiple Choice

Energy in motion is called

• kinetic energy

• potential energy

• nuclear energy

• transfer energy

Multiple Choice

When the vectors (arrows) point away what function do you use?

• Dividing

• Multiplying

• Subtracting

• Adding

Multiple Choice

Kinetic energy depends on_________ and _________.

• speed and mass

• speed and height

• height and mass

• energy and height

Multiple Choice

If an object is not moving the forces acting upon it are _____________

• unbalanced
• weak
• balanced
• Hulk Smash!

Multiple Choice

Where is potential energy at its minimum?

• W

• X

• Y

• Z

Multiple Choice

Energy that transforms from potential to kinetic is neither_____ nor _______.

• created, force

• created, destroyed

• force,motion

• destroyed, law of conservation of energy

Multiple Choice

All of the answer choices are examples of kinetic energy Except-

• A volleyball player spiking a ball

• A race car speeding down the highway

• A bowling ball sitting on the rack

• A bowling ball rolling down the alley

Multiple Choice

When stored energy begins to move the object______ energy from _______ to _________.

• energy, force, motion

• transfers, kinetic, potential

• forces, mechanical, nuclear

• transfers, potential,kinetic

Multiple Choice

When a slingshot is in a held position it has

• mechanical energy

• potential energy

• kinetic energy

• radiant energy

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT an example of potential energy?

• A diver on the edge of a diving board

• A parachute falling to the ground

• A pencil sitting on a desk

• A car parked in the parking lot of a mall

Multiple Choice

What numbers show potential energy on this pendulum?

• 1 and 5

• 1 and 4

• 2 and 3

• 3 and 4