Verb

Verb

By Azkiya Maulanisa

Definition of Verb

Verbs are words that show the meaning of activities and conditions or circumstances.​ The meaning contained in the verb can e exbemplified by the sentence below.

"Raya forgets to tells you that Mrs. Bona will depart at 9.30 tomorrow.​"

​There are three verbs in the sentence above. The first verb forget expresses a condition or state (“forgetting”). While the rest tell and depart show activity or activity (“tell” and “go”)

Types and Examples of Verb

• ​Dynamic and Stative Verbs

  Semantically, verbs in English are divided into 2 groups, namely :

1. ​Dynamic Verb

   Dynamic verbs are verbs ​that show activity. So, it is also called action verb. Example : run, walk, sing, sleep, read, jump, drink, etc.

2. ​Stative Verb

   ​Stative verbs are verbs that express conditions or circumstances. Therefore, it is also known as a state verb.

   Example : love, hate, like, dislike, have, own, forget, believe, etc.

• Regular and Irregular Verbs

  ​Based on change in form, verbs are divided into 2 groups, namely :

1. Regular​ Verb

   Regular verbs are verbs that have regular form changes in V2 and V3, done by adding -d/ed.

   Example :

   ​End (V1/infinitive) - Ended (V2/past tense) - Ended (V3 /past participle)

2. ​Irregular Verb

   ​Irregular verbs are verbs that change their shape irregularly in V2 and V3. Example :

   ​Read (V1) - Read (V2) - Read (V3)

• ​Transitive and Intransitive Verbs

  Based on the needs of the object (objective case), verbs are classified into 2 groups, including :

1. ​Transitive Verb

   • ​Monotransitive Verb (Single Object) | S + VT + O = She bought a book.

   • Ditransitive Verb (Double Object)

     S + VT + IO + DO / S + VT + DO + to/for + IO = He lent me a car.

2. ​Intransitive Verb

   • ​Complete Predication (S + VI + (A / Adverb) = They talked face to face.

   • Incomplete Predication​ (S + LV (Linking Verb) + SC (Subjective Complements)) = He is handsome / Her face turned pale

The Funtion of Verbs

Broadly speaking, the verb functions in English are as follows :

1. Ordinary (Main Verb)​

   • ​Verbal Sentence (The ordinary ver​bs are not members of BE [am, are, is, was, were, be, ​been, ​being])

     e.g. : Mark agreed to come (agreed not a mem​ber of BE)

   • Nominal Sentence​ (The ordinary verbs are in the form of BE)

     e.g. : The girls are very ​beautiful (are = the member of BE)

2. ​Auxiliary (Auxiliary Verb) (e.g = He had passed the final exam)

   Auxiliary verb do not have a clear meaning or are meaningless and meaningful. It is intended to assisst in the formation of tenses.