Introduction to U.S. Imperialism

U.S. Imperialism

By NATHAN CUSHENBERY-ANDREWS

U.S. Imperialism 1898-1914

Big Idea

Late 19th and early 20th century in which the U.S. becomes a world military power and acquires new territory​

Imperialism​ Defined

​The political, military & economic domination of strong nations over weaker territories.

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Multiple Choice

What is the term for the political, military & economic domination of strong nations over weaker territories?

• Humanitarianism

• Social Darwinism

• Imperialism

• Capitalism

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Causes of Imperialism​

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​Economics: Industrial nations needed raw materials & markets for their goods. Militarism-allowed nations to protect their trade interests against other Imperial nations & native forces Nationalism -allowed for the spread of Imperial nations ideals & control of other nations.

Multiple Select

What were the three causes of imperialism?

• Nationalism

• Militarism

• Humanitarianism

• Economics

Arguments Supporting Imperialism​

​Social Darwinism is the belief in:

• Racial

• National

• Class

• Cultural superiority of one group over another.

• Social Darwinists believed they were superior and had a duty to rule over inferior peoples and cultures.

• Spreading Civilization-many argued that the United states should “civilize” & educate “inferior” groups.

• Spreading Christianity- Many saw imperialism as a way to “Christianize” the world.

All of these arguments assumed that one group of people was better than another group.

Open Ended

What are your thoughts on the ideas of social darwinism, and spreading civilization and Christianity? Were these justifiable reasons to take over other people's territories?

The U.S. began expanding in the early 1800s.

​Manifest Destiny- Belief that the United States should extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean

• 1803- Louisiana Purchase

• 1845- Texas Annexation

• 1846- Oregon Territory

• 1848- Mexican American War

• 1867- Purchase of Alaska

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​Westward Expansion

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• The Hawaiian Islands provided a refueling point for U.S. ships traveling to Asia.

• 1800s- Americans bought land in Hawaii and established large plantations.  

• 1887- the American plantation owners convinced Hawaiian King Kalakaua to modify their national constitution to allow only land-owning residents the right to vote.  

• 1891- King Kalakaua died and his sister Liliuokalani became queen.​

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​King Kalakaua

​Hawaii

Multiple Choice

What military and economic advantage did the Hawaiian islands provide for the U.S.?

• Sailors loved pineapples.

• The Hawaiians wanted the U.S. military to conquer them.

• The Hawaiians loved American goods.

• Hawaii provided a refueling point for ships going to asia.

• Queen Liliuokalani was a Hawaiian nationalist who was angered by the U.S.’ growing control over the islands’ economics and politics.  

• She abolished the previous constitution that provided white planters special rights​

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Multiple Choice

Who was the queen of Hawaii who abolished (got rid off) the constitution that favored landowners?

• King Kalakaua

• Queen Nefertiti

• Queen Liliuokalani

• Queen Elizabeth

• The white plantation owners organized a rebellion & overthrew the queen.  

• The planters sent a request to the U.S. calling for marines to help “keep” peace.

• The new Hawaiian government was led by a white planter, Sanford B. Dole.​

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Sanford B. Dole​

​U.S. Takes Over Hawaii

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Multiple Choice

What group led the rebellion against Queen Liliuokalani?

• King Kalakaua

• Native Hawaiians

• White plantation owners

• William McKinley

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​Sanford B. Dole asked then President Harrison to annex, (to take full control of), the Hawaiian Islands. 

• Many Americans desired the U.S. to control the islands to spread Christianity, secure naval bases & business interest

• Many saw this as an illegal, hypocritical action where the U.S. demanded democracy for itself, but took it from other nations 

• It took over five years for Congress to approve annexation.  

• In 1898, President William McKinley and Congress approved annexation of Hawaii.  

• The Hawaiian Islands became a territory of the U.S. 

• 1954-statehood

​Hawaii Annexed​ by the U.S.

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Multiple Choice

Who was the president who annexed Hawaii and made it a territory of the United States?

• Abraham Lincoln

• William McKinley

• George Washington

• Benjamin Harrison

Open Ended

In 2-3 sentences, describe your thoughts about the annexation of Hawaii after watching the video.

​The U.S. began taking over territories beyond North America with Hawaii, but within the same year, 1898, took over the Philippines, Guam, Puerto Rico and held strong control over Cuba after a brief war with Spain known as the Spanish American War.​

Character Uncle Sam who represents the United States from birth to imperial power.

​Only the Beginning...

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Multiple Select

What 3 territories did the United States take over after Hawaii in 1898?

• The Philippines

• Chile

• Guam

• Puerto Rico