ENG 31/07

Make and Do - 4 things to remember

​Use make:

• when we create something : I just made a cake. 

• when something causes a reaction: This film makes me sad.

Use do:

• when we talk about activities: I'm not doing anything. What do you want to do?

• when we talk about activities in general: What does he do? He's a lawyer.

Multiple Choice

Why do you always have to ___

such a mess when you cook?

• make

• do

Multiple Choice

When she asked me to marry her, she

___ me so happy!

• did

• made

Multiple Choice

I'm going to the beach. What are you

___ this weekend?

• making

• doing

Raise vs rise

Both raise and rise refer to something going up, but there is a difference.

Raise needs a direct object - if you raise something you move it up. It has both literal and non-literal meanings and it is a regular verb, so it's past and past participle forms are raised.

• I raise my eyebrows when I'm surprised.

• The government plan to raise taxes.

• He raised his voice at me in anger, but I forgave him.

Rise does not take a direct object - things rise or go up by themselves. Rise is an irregular verb so the past form is rose and the past participle is risen.

• The sun rises at 6a.m.

• The water level rises twice a day because of the tide.

• The bird rose into the air and flew away.

Multiple Choice

Which of these sentences is correct?

• Both raise and rise are regular verbs

• Both raise and rise take objects

• Both raise and rise refer to something going up.

Multiple Choice

Which of these sentences is correct?

• I raised my hand to ask a question

• I rose my hand to ask a question

Multiple Choice

Which form of rise is incorrect?

• rised

• rose

• risen

Less vs fewer

Quantifiers

Less and fewer are quantifiers. Less is the comparative form of 'little' and fewer is the comparative form of 'few'.

• We have less milk than I'd hoped.

• There are fewer people than I expected.

Less We use less with uncountable nouns, such as: pollution, traffic, news and freedom. 

• There is less traffic and less pollution.

• We've been receiving a lot less news since we switched TV providers.

• In more conservative societies, women have less freedom than they do here.

Fewer We use fewer with countable nouns, such as: restaurants, cafes, people and bags.

• There are fewer restaurants and fewer cafes.

• Fewer people came to the opening than we had expected so there's more food for everyone!

• I'm sorry, Sir. But you need to take fewer bags on the plane. Can we put one in the hold?

Multiple Choice

Choose the correct word for this sentence: It was so remote. I'd never seen so much wildlife or ______ humans.

• less

• fewer

Multiple Choice

Which of these is correct?

• I'm so unpopular! I've never had less birthday gifts!

• I'm so unpopular! I've never had fewer birthday gifts!

Multiple Choice

Is this sentence correct: On the whole fewer violence occurs worldwide than it used to in the past.

• It is correct

• It is incorrect

Because, as, since

​Reasons

Because, as and since are all used to give reasons.

• I'm tired because I didn't sleep well.

• I'm tired as I didn't sleep well.

• I'm tired since I didn't sleep well.

Because

Because focuses on the reason for something. It is more common than as or since. We can put the because clause at the beginning of the sentence. When we do so, we need to add a comma between the two clauses.

• You're reading this because you want to learn English.

• They won't be here because they're on holiday.

• Because you want to learn English, you're reading this.

• Because they're on holiday, they won't be here.

Because, as, since

​

As and since

​

As and since focus on the result of something rather than the reason for it. We can put the as or since clause at the beginning of the sentence. When we do so, we need to add a comma between the two clauses.

• I hope Tom's brought that comic as I wanted to borrow it from him.

• Noodles are popular since they're easy to cook.

• As I wanted to borrow that comic, I hope Tom's brought it with him.

• Since they're easy to cook, noodles are popular.

Multiple Choice

True or false: 'Because', 'as' and 'since' are all used to give opinions

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Which of these sentences is incorrect?

• Because it's a nice day, let's go outside!

• As I'm working later than usual, let's have dinner tonight.

• Since it's Saturday I don't have to work!

Multiple Choice

Which of these sentences focuses on the reason for something?

• I failed my exams because I didn't study.

• As she had never met him before, she didn't know what he looked like.

• Since it's quite late, shall we get a takeaway pizza?

Multiple Choice

virtual это виртуальный?

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

utilise это утилизировать?

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

tort это торт?

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

silicon это силикон?

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

sever это север?

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

resin это резина?

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

rehabilitation это реабилитация?

• Yes

• No