AnaPhy 01

Multiple Choice

scientific discipline that investigates the body’s structures

• Organism

• Physiology

• Cell

• Anatomy

Multiple Choice

scientific investigation of the processes or functions of living things; Body Processes

• Physiology

• Anatomy

• Organism

• Cell

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structures examined without a microscope

• Microscopic

• Ultrasound

• S

• Gross / Macroscopic

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(studied) area by area

• Surface

• Regional

• Systemic

• Relig

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(studied) system by system

• Regional

• Systemic

• Religional

• Surface

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external form & relation to deeper structures as x-ray in anatomic imaging

• Regional

• Religional

• Surface

• Systemic

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structure seen with the microscope

• Microscopic

• Ultrasound

• Scanner

• Gross / Macroscopic

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cellular anatomy

• Neurology

• Histology

• Pathology

• Cytology

Multiple Choice

study of tissues

• Pathology

• Histology

• Cytology

• Neurology

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reveals dynamic nature of living things; consider operations of specific organ systems (relation of system to another)

• Types of Physiology

• Types of Histology

• Types of Cytology

• Types o

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examines processes in cells

• Histology

• Cell Physiology

• Neurophysiology

• Cytology

Multiple Choice

focuses on the nervous system

• Cytology

• Histology

• Neurophysiology

• Cell Physiology

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(smallest); atoms combine to form molecules

• Organ level

• Cell level

• Tissue level

• Chemical level

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molecules form organelles (nucleus, mitochondria) which makes up the cells

• Chemical level

• Tissue level

• Cell level

• Organ level

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similar cells and surrounding materials make up the tissues

• Chemical level

• Tissue level

• Cell level

• Organ level

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different tissues combine to form organs (urinary bladder, etc.)

• Organ level

• Cell level

• Tissue level

• Chemical level

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organs (kidneys, bladders, et.c) make up an organ system

• Organ system level

• Cell level

• Organism level

• Tissue level

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organ systems make up an organism

• Organ system level

• Cell level

• Organism level

• Tissue level

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all parts of an organism interact to perform specific functions

• Metabolism

• Responsiveness

• Development

• Organization

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the chemical and physical changes taking place in an organism

• Reproduction

• Responsiveness

• Metabolism

• Organization

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adjustments that maintain their internal environment

• Responsiveness

• Growth

• Metabolism

• Development

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increase in size of all or part of the organism

• Responsiveness

• Organization

• Reproduction

• Growth

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changes an organism undergoes through time

• Growth

• Organization

• Development

• Reproduction

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formation of new cells or new organism

• Organization

• Metabolism

• Growth

• Reproduction

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existence and maintenance of a relatively constant internal environment

• Homeostasis

• Negative feedback

• Set point

• Normal range

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is the normal value (ex. body temp.)

• Homeostasis

• Positive feedback

• Set point

• Normal range

Multiple Choice

is the fluctuation around set point

• Set point

• Positive feedback

• Control center

• Normal range

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Homeostasis is maintained by...

• Negative feedback

• Neutral feedback

• Charged feedback

• Positive feedback

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turns off the original stimuli

• Positive feedback

• set point

• Negative feedback

• receptor

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enhances & up-regulates the initial stimulus (usually harmful to the body)

• Positive feedback

• set point

• effector

• receptor

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mechanism that regulates homeostasis; a deviation from set point (ex. Blood Pressure)

• control center

• set point

• effector

• Negative feedback

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establishes set point (brain)

• normal range

• control center

• effector

• receptor

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detects changes (variable); send signals to the brain

• normal range

• control center

• effector

• receptor

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responds to changes

• normal range

• control center

• effector

• receptor

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deviation from set point becomes greater; makes a bad situation worse; rarely found in healthy people

• set point

• Positive feedback

• effector

• Negative feedback

Multiple Choice

our body maintain balance (mostly) by doing negative feedback

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

talks about hormones

• hematology

• cytology

• endocrinology

• pathology

Multiple Choice

Anatomical position: ____ erect, ____, feet ____, palms face ____

• head,

  face forward,

  together,

  anterior

• body,

  nose forward,

  together,

  toward

• body,

  face forward,

  together,

  forward

• body,

  cheeks downward,

  apart,

  backward

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lying face upward

• prone

• supine

• distal

• lateral

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lying face downward

• deep

• supine

• prone

• superficial

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superior vs inferior

• upward vs downward

• forward vs backwards

• right vs left

• in vs out

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anterior vs posterior

• side by side

• front vs back

• up vs down

• middle and side

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medial vs lateral

• in vs out

• front and back

• middle vs side/away

• up vs down

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proximal vs distal

• towards the front vs back

• up vs down

• side vs side

• towards the center vs away

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superficial vs deep

• up vs down

• outside vs inside

• side vs side

• middle vs away

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abdominal subdivisions: quadrants

• right upper quadrant

• left upper quadrant

• right lower quadrant

• left lower quadrant

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abdominal subdivisions: regions (upper)

• right hypochondriac region

• umbilical region

• left hypochondriac region

• epigastric region

• left iliac region

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abdominal subdivisions: regions (middle)

• left lumbar region

• umbilical region

• hypogastric region

• right lumbar region

• right hypochondriac region

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abdominal subdivisions: regions (lower)

• left lumbar region

• hypogastric region

• left iliac region

• right lumbar region

• right iliacc region

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Body planes

• sagittal plane

• aero plane

• transverse plane

• frontal (coronal) plane

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divides the body into left and right parts

• aero plane

• transverse plane

• sagittal plane

• coronal plane

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divides the body into superior and inferior parts

• transverse plane

• aero plane

• frontal plane

• coronal plane

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divides the body into anterior and posterior parts

• aero plane plane

• transverse plane

• frontal plane

• sagittal plane

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Organ planes

• cross section

• transverse section

• longitudinal section

• oblique section

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along its axis

• coronal section

• oblique section

• transverse section

• longitudinal section

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right angle to the long axis

• coronal section

• frontal section

• cross section

• sagittal section

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across the long axis at an angle other than a right angle

• oblique section

• thoracic section

• transverse section

• longiyudinal section

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Body cavities

• thoracic cavity

• abdominal cavity

• pelvic cavity

• heart cavity

Multiple Choice

bounded by the ribs and the diaphragm

• frontal cavity

• sagittal cavity

• abdominal cavity

• thoracic cavity

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bounded by the diaphragm and the abdominal muscles

• pelvic cavity

• abdominal cavity

• transverse cavity

• lung cavity

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surrounded by the pelvic bones

• pelvic cavity

• oblique cavity

• bone cavity

• muscle cavity

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lines cavity walls

• visceral

• parietal

• serous

• pleural

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covers organs

• visceral

• parietal

• serous

• pleural

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secreted for lubrication by membranes

• visceral

• parietal

• serous fluid

• pleural

Multiple Choice

pleural = ____

• heart

• thoracic (also lungs)

• pelvic

• muscle

Multiple Choice

peritoneal = ____

• bones

• lungs

• muscle

• abdominal

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pericardium = ____

• heart

• lungs

• muscle

• bones

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peritoneum = ____

• abdominal

• pelvic

• abdominopelvic

• muscle

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Inflammation

• tumor

• rubor

• calor

• dolor

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swelling

• tumor

• rubor

• calor

• dolor

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redness

• tumor

• calor

• rubor

• dolor

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heat

• dolor

• tumor

• rubor

• calor

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pain

• rubor

• tumor

• dolor

• calor

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loss of function

• functiocist

• functiolyceum

• functionism

• functiolacea

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shadowy negative of internal body structures

• computed tomography

• DSR

• X-ray / radiograph

• sonography

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refined version of an x-ray and slices body

• MRI

• sonography

• DSR

• CT / computed tomography

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three dimensional imaging and allows movement

• X-ray

• radiograph

• DSR / dynamic spatial reconstruction

• computed tomography

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or ultrasound is inexpensive and safer than ionizing radiation

• sonography

• radiograph

• DSR / dynamic spatial reconstruction

• computed tomography

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produces high-contrast imaging of soft tissues

• sonography

• X-ray

• MRI / magnetic resonance imaging

• CT / computed tomography