Cell Cycle Notes

​Introduction to Cell Division

Multiple Select

Which of the following are true facts about cells?

• All living things are made of eukaryotic cells

• All cells have a nucleus

• All cells come from already existing cells

• Cells are the basic structure of living things

• Viral cells can reproduce more quickly than bacterial cells

Cells GROW and DIVIDE through the CELL CYCLE

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Click the link for both videos and record your observation in your notes.

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How to make more?

​Video: https://youtube.com/watch?v=XSKh-GLQn4E

​Like humans and other organisms, fruit flies begin as a single cell, a fertilized egg. This vidoe shows the cells of a fruit fly embryo dividing. Embryos have to grow really fast so their cells divide very quickly.

Mitosis in Pigs: DNA is shown in red. The bright green highlights parts within the cell that help the cell divide.

​Video: https://bit.ly/3UapkU6

​Steps of the Cell Cycle

Cells don't constantly divide (some adults cells rarely EVER divide) but when they do they go through a specific set of steps

Cell cycle is divided into 2 main phases:

• Interphase

• Mitosis​

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Cell Cycle: M & I

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During INTERPHASE some important events happen

• cell grows in size

• cell parts are duplicated (like ​the DNA and organelles)

​That is why this phase last the longest! lots to do

Cell Cycle: M & I

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During MITOSIS...

• cell divides up all of its parts

• cell makes 2 IDENTICAL daughter cells ​

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Cell Cycle: M & I

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A lot happens in Interphase in a specific sequence:

• G1 - cell grows

• S - DNA duplicated

• G2- cell gets ready for mitosis! ​

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Cell Cycle: Interphase​

Mitosis happens in stages

• final product = identical cells

• mitosis ONLY happens in ​BODY CELLS (skin, intestinal, muscle, etc)

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Cell Cycle: Mitosis​

Is the LIFE of a cell (from newborn --> death)

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Mitosis is just a time period of that LIFE

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Cell Cycle = LIFETIME

Mitosis = teenage years ​

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Cell Cycle

Multiple Choice

The data in the image illustrates the average life span of different types of cells. Based on this info, which cells will undergo mitosis more often

• red blood cells

• liver cells

• internal lining (intestinal cells)

• skin cells

• muscle cells (intestine

Multiple Choice

Because most nerve cells do not typically undergo mitosis, they are generally not capable of which of the following?

• making enzymes

• generating more nerve cells

• performing cell respiration

• transporting ions agains a concentration gradient

Multiple Choice

Some unicellular protists, such as dinoflagellates, use mitosis to reproduce. Which of the following statements describes the offspring made?

• The offspring are twice as large as the parent

• The offspring develop from a parent's fertilized egg

• The offspring are genetically identical to the parent cell

• The offspring have half as much DNA as the parent cell

Multiple Choice

Sperm cells (sex cells) can undergo mitosis

• True

• False