Obligation & Prohibition

​Obligation & Prohibition

Understand and practicing the expression of obligation and prohibition

We use have to and must to express obligation. There is a slight difference between the way we use them.​

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​A. Obligation

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​Have to

​Have to shows us that the obligation comes from outside the speaker. 

Ex:

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Obligation

1. We have to wear a uniform when we're working in reception.

2. (Student to teacher) When do we have to hand in our homework?

3. Al has to work tomorrow so he can't come.

   We sometimes call this 'external obligation'.

​Must

Obligation

​Must expresses a strong obligation or necessity. It often shows us that the obligation comes from the speaker (or the authority that wrote the sentence). 

1. I must phone my dad. It's his birthday today.

2. (Teacher to student) You must hand in your homework on Tuesday or you will lose ten per cent of your mark.

3. (Sign on a plane) Seat belts must be worn by all passengers.

​No Obligation

We use don’t have to to show that there is no obligation. You can do something if you want to but it's not compulsory.

No Obligation​

1. You don't have to wear a tie in our office but some people like to dress more formally.

2. You don't have to go to the bank to do a transfer. You can do it online.

3. You don't have to come with me, honestly. I'll be fine!

We use can't and mustn't to show that something is prohibited – it is not allowed.

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Prohibition

​B. Prohibition

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​​Can't

​We use Can't to talk about something that is against the rules, particularly when we didn't make the rules.c

Prohibition

1. What does this sign say? Oh, we can't park here.

2. You can't take photos in the museum. They're really strict about it.

3. Sorry, we can't sell knives to under-18s.

​Must not/mustn't

​We use must not to talk about what is not permitted. It is common on public signs and notices informing people of rules and laws.

Prohibition

1. Visitors must not park in the staff car park.

2. Baggage must not be left unattended.

3. Guests must not make noise after 10 p.m.

English | Subject

Prohibition

​We use mustn't particularly when the prohibition comes from the speaker.

1. (Parent to child) You mustn't say things like that to your sister.

2. (Teacher to student) You mustn't be late to class.

3. I mustn't let that happen again.

Multiple Choice

"DO NOT FEED THE ANIMALS"

From the text, we can conclude that we . . . feed the animals.

• must

• should

• must not

• don't has to

Multiple Choice

Nisa : I really want to go to Lombok.

Jihan : You must not go to Lombok. Lombok is not in a good condition right now, because of an earth quake.

Where is the expression of prohibition from the dialogue?

• Because an earth quake.                           

• Lombok is not in a good condition.

•  I really want to go to Lombok

• You must not go to Lombok.

Multiple Choice

Security : Excuse me, . . . you mustn't smoke here.

Visitor : Oh, I'm sorry.

• look at me

• Listen to me

• look at the sign

• listen to your doctor

Multiple Choice

What does this sign mean?

• People are not allowed to far away from this caution

• Nearby to this warning is prohibited

• We must not throw anything to this place because it is full of risk

• Turn off the electric because it is not permited

Multiple Choice

what is the obligation means?

• A ban

• An advice

• A rule

• Giving Opinion

Multiple Choice

These are the Obligation expression, EXCEPT...

• You must be on time

• I think you should study hard

• You have to clean your room

• You must obey school's rule

Multiple Choice

What is the right explanation of that picture?

• We must bow to older people

• We must bring things

• We must ask permission first

• We must help older people

Multiple Choice

These are the expression of "Prohibition", EXCEPT...

• Don't speak loudly in the library

• You should wash your hands

• Don't be cheating during exam

• Don't be sad

Multiple Choice

the following sentence is:

Must stay at home during the quarantine.

• Prohibition

• Forbidden

• Obligation

• Suggestion

Multiple Choice

We . . . hurry or we will miss the bus

• must not

• must

• has to

• do

Multiple Choice

This is a secret. You . . . tell anybody

• must

• must not

• has to not

• don't to

Multiple Choice

• Suggestion

• opinion

• obligation

• prohibition

Multiple Choice

• To warn people not to push the door

• To advice people not to sit beside the door

• To warn people not to lean against the door

• To advice people not to stand before the door

Multiple Choice

8.

• I don't want to finish

• I must not finish

• I have to finish

• I can finish

Multiple Choice

9

• you must go to bed late

• you must go to bed soon

• you should not go to bed

• you should go to bed late

Multiple Choice

• Don't be lazy

• Don't say it

• Don't litter

• Don't run

Multiple Choice

• Do not sleep in the room

• Do not speak in the room

• Do not throw rubbish  in the room

• Do not destroy everything in the room

Multiple Choice

• to ask somebody to do somet

• To warn somebody  not to do something

• To inform somebody  that something is not dangerous

• To inform somebody  that something is not dangerous

Multiple Choice

• should keep them personal

• must keep them for you

• should not return them

• must respect them

Multiple Choice

Multiple Choice

• People aren't permitted to throw rubbish here

• People can get gasoline for their cars here

• People must be careful with their hands

• People must not steal things here