Cloud Storage

​Cloud Storage

​Overview

Overview

Cloud฀storage฀has฀a฀number฀of฀advantages฀over฀traditional฀data฀storage.฀If฀you฀store฀your data฀on฀a฀cloud,฀you฀can฀get at฀it฀from฀any location that฀has฀Internet฀access.

Workers฀don’t฀need฀to฀use฀the฀same฀computer฀to฀ access฀data฀nor฀do they฀have฀to฀carry฀around฀physical฀storage฀devices.฀Also,฀if฀your฀ organization฀has฀branch฀offices,฀they฀can฀all฀access฀the฀data฀from฀the฀cloud฀provider.​

​Overview

The Basics

There฀are฀hundreds฀of฀different฀cloud฀storage฀systems,฀and฀some฀are฀very฀specific฀in฀what฀they฀ do.฀

At฀the฀most฀rudimentary฀level,฀a฀cloud฀storage฀system฀just฀needs฀one฀data฀server฀ connected฀to฀the฀Internet.​

A฀subscriber฀copies฀files฀to฀the฀server฀over฀the฀Internet,฀which฀ then฀record ฀the฀data.฀​

​Overview

The Basics

When฀a฀client฀wants฀to฀retrieve฀the฀data,฀he฀or฀she฀accesses฀the฀data฀ server฀with฀a฀web-based฀interface, and฀the฀server then฀either฀sends the฀files฀back฀to฀the฀ client฀or฀allows the฀client฀to฀access and฀manipulate the฀data฀itself.

Multiple Choice

A฀cloud฀storage฀system฀฀needs ______ connected฀to฀the฀Internet.

• cloud services

• data server

• client

​Overview

The Basics

However,฀cloud฀storage฀systems฀utilize฀dozens฀or฀hundreds฀of฀data฀servers.Because฀servers฀require฀maintenance฀or฀repair,฀it฀is฀necessary฀to฀store฀the saved฀data฀ on฀multiple฀machines,฀providing฀redundancy.

Without฀that฀redundancy,฀cloud฀storage฀systems฀couldn’t฀assure clients฀that฀they could฀access their information฀at฀any฀given฀time.฀​

​Overview

Storage as a Service

The฀term฀Storage฀as฀a฀Service฀(another฀Software฀as฀a฀Service,฀or฀SaaS, acronym)฀means฀that฀a฀ third-party฀provider฀rents฀space฀on฀their฀storage to฀end฀users฀who฀lack฀the฀budget฀or฀capital budget฀to฀pay฀for฀it฀on their฀own.

​Overview

Storage as a Service

The฀biggest฀advantage฀to฀SaaS฀is฀cost฀savings.฀Storage฀is฀rented฀from฀the฀provider฀using฀ a฀cost-per-gigabyte-stored฀or฀cost-per-data-transferred model. The฀end฀user฀doesn’t฀have฀to฀pay฀for฀infrastructure; they฀simply pay฀for฀how฀much฀they฀transfer฀and฀save฀on฀the฀ provider’s฀servers.

​Overview

Storage as a Service

A฀customer฀uses฀client฀software฀to฀specify฀the฀backup฀set฀and฀then฀transfers฀data฀across฀a฀WAN. When฀data฀loss฀occurs,฀the฀customer฀can฀retrieve฀the฀lost฀data฀from฀the

service฀provider.

Multiple Choice

What is an advantage of using SaaS?

• accessibility

• trend in industry

• the cost

​Overview

Providers

There฀are฀hundreds฀of฀cloud฀storage฀providers฀on฀the฀Web,฀and฀more฀ seem฀to be฀added฀each฀day.฀Not฀only฀are฀there฀general-purpose storage฀providers,฀but฀there฀ are฀some that฀are very specialized in฀what they฀store.฀

​Overview

Providers

Here฀are฀some฀examples฀of฀specialized฀cloud฀providers:

• Google Doc​s

• ​Gmail, Hotmail, Yahoo! Mail

• Flickr, Picasa

• Youtube

• Hostmonster, GoDaddy​

• Facebook​

Open Ended

Give an example of a specialized cloud provider.

​Overview

Security

​To฀secure฀data,฀most฀systems฀use฀a฀combination฀of฀techniques:

• Encryption. A฀complex฀algorithm฀is฀used฀to฀encode฀information.฀To฀decode฀the฀ encrypted฀files, a user฀needs฀the฀encryption฀key.

• Authentication Process. This฀requires฀a฀user฀to฀create฀a฀name฀and฀password.

• Authorization Practices. The฀client฀lists฀the฀people฀who฀are฀authorized฀to฀access฀ information฀stored฀on฀the฀cloud฀system.฀

Multiple Choice

A technique that allows corporation to have multiple levels of authorization.

• Authentication process

• Authorization practice

• Encryption

​Overview

Reliability

Most฀cloud฀storage฀providers฀try฀to฀address฀the฀reliability฀concern฀through฀redundancy,฀ but฀the possibility still฀exists฀that฀the฀system฀could฀crash฀and฀leave฀clients฀with฀no฀way฀to฀ access฀their฀saved฀data.

​

Reputation฀is฀important฀to฀cloud฀storage฀providers.฀If฀there฀is฀a฀perception฀that฀the฀ provider is unreliable,฀they฀won’t฀have฀many฀clients.฀And฀if฀they฀are฀unreliable,฀they฀won’t฀ be฀around฀long,฀as฀there฀are฀so฀many฀players฀in฀the฀market.​

Multiple Choice

An important aspect of relationship between customers and their cloud providers.

• Reliability

• Well-known

• Redundancy

​Overview

Thief

Whenever฀your฀data฀is฀let฀out฀of฀your฀own฀datacenter,฀you฀risk฀ trouble฀from a฀security฀point฀of฀view.

Also,฀because฀storage฀providers฀put฀everything฀into฀one฀pot,฀so฀to฀speak, your฀company’s฀ data฀could฀be฀stored฀next to฀a฀competitor’s, and฀the risk฀of your฀competition฀seeing฀your฀ proprietary฀information฀is฀real. If฀you฀do฀store฀your฀data฀on฀the฀cloud,฀make฀sure฀you’re฀encrypting฀data฀and฀securing฀ data฀transit฀with฀technologies฀like฀SSL.​

Multiple Choice

A risk of having data over the cloud

• data leakage

• hacked services

• stolen credentials

• All of the choices

​Cloud Storage Providers

Cloud Storage Providers

In฀this฀section฀we’re฀going฀to฀talk฀about฀some฀of฀the฀cloud฀providers฀out there.฀

There฀are฀hundreds฀of฀them฀ and฀new฀players฀every฀day. This฀is฀simply฀a฀listing฀of฀what฀some฀of฀the฀big฀players​.

​Cloud Storage Providers

Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3)

The฀best-known฀cloud฀storage฀service฀is฀Amazon’s ฀S3,฀which launched฀in฀2006.

Amazon฀S3฀is฀designed฀to฀make฀web-scale฀computing฀easier฀for฀ developers.฀Amazon฀S3฀provides฀a฀simple฀web฀services฀interface฀that฀can฀be used฀to฀store and฀retrieve฀any amount฀of฀data, at฀any฀time, from฀anywhere on฀the฀Web.​

​Cloud Storage Providers

Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3)

Amazon฀S3฀is฀intentionally฀built฀with฀a฀minimal฀feature฀set฀that฀includes฀the฀following฀ functionality:

• Write,฀read,฀and฀delete฀objects฀containing฀from฀1฀byte฀to฀5฀gigabytes฀of฀data฀each.฀ The฀number฀of฀objects฀that฀can฀be฀stored฀is฀unlimited.​

• ​Each฀object฀is฀stored฀and฀retrieved฀via฀a฀unique฀developer-assigned฀key.

• Objects฀can฀be฀made฀private฀or฀public,฀and฀rights฀can฀be฀assigned฀to฀specific฀users.​

• Uses฀standards-based฀REST฀and฀SOAP฀interfaces฀designed฀to฀work฀with฀any฀ Internet-development฀toolkit.​

​Cloud Storage Providers

How S3 Works

Amazon฀keeps฀its฀lips฀pretty฀tight฀about฀how฀S3฀works,฀but฀according฀to Amazon, S3’s฀ design฀aims฀to฀provide฀scalability, high฀availability,฀and฀low latency at commodity฀costs.

S3฀stores฀arbitrary฀objects฀at฀up฀to฀5GB฀in฀size,฀and฀each฀is฀accompanied฀by฀up฀to฀2KB฀of฀ metadata.฀

Objects฀are฀organized by฀buckets.฀Each฀bucket฀is owned฀by฀an฀AWS฀account and the฀buckets฀are฀identified฀by฀a฀unique,฀user-assigned฀key.​

Multiple Choice

A feature of Amazon S3

• high availability

• low latency

• scalability

• All of the choices

​Cloud Storage Providers

Google Bigtable Datastore

To฀serve฀that฀market,฀Google฀introduced฀its฀Bigtable.฀Google฀ started฀working on฀it฀in฀2004฀and฀finally฀went฀public฀with฀it฀in฀April฀2008.

Bigtable฀was฀developed฀with฀very฀high฀speed,฀flexibility,฀and฀extremely฀high scalability in฀mind. A฀Bigtable฀database can฀be฀petabytes in฀size฀and฀span thousands of฀distributed฀ servers.

Bigtable฀is฀available฀to฀developers฀as฀part฀of฀the฀Google฀App฀Engine,฀their฀cloud฀ computing฀platform.​​

Multiple Choice

Where is Bigtable available

• Google App Engine

• Google Cloud

• Amazon Web Services

• Amazon S3

​Cloud Storage Providers

How Bigtable Works

Google฀describes฀Bigtable฀as฀a฀fast฀and฀extremely฀scalable฀DBMS.฀This฀allows Bigtable฀to฀scale฀across฀thousands฀of฀commodity฀servers that฀can collectively store฀petabytes฀of฀data.

Each฀table฀in฀Bigtable฀is฀a฀multidimensional฀sparse฀map.฀That฀is,฀the฀table฀is฀made฀up฀of฀ rows฀and฀columns,฀and฀each฀cell฀has฀a฀timestamp. Multiple฀versions฀of฀a฀cell฀can฀exist,฀each with฀a฀different฀timestamp.฀​

Multiple Choice

How does Google describe Bigtable?

• extremely scalable

• multidimensional sparse map

• out of this world technology

• none from the choices

​Cloud Storage Providers

How Bigtable Works

Because฀the฀tables฀are฀so฀large,฀Bigtable฀splits฀them฀at฀row฀boundaries฀and saves฀them฀as฀tablets. Each฀tablet฀is฀about฀200MB,฀and฀each฀server฀houses฀100฀tablets.฀Given฀this,฀datafrom฀a฀database฀is฀likely฀to฀be฀stored฀in฀many฀different฀servers

​Cloud Storage Providers

Nirvanix Storage Delivery Network (SDN)

Nirvanix฀uses฀custom-developed฀software฀and฀file฀system technologies running฀on฀Intel฀ storage฀servers฀at฀six locations฀on฀both coasts฀of฀the฀United฀States.

They฀continue฀to฀grow,฀ and฀expect฀to฀add฀dozens฀more฀server฀locations.

​Cloud Storage Providers

Nirvanix Storage Delivery Network (SDN)

Nirvanix฀has฀built฀a฀global฀cluster฀of฀storage฀nodes฀collectively฀referred฀to฀as฀the฀Storage฀ Delivery฀Network฀(SDN), powered฀by฀the฀Nirvanix Internet฀Media฀File฀System฀(IMFS).฀

​Cloud Storage Providers

Nirvanix Storage Delivery Network (SDN)

Nirvanix฀SDN turns฀a฀standard฀1U฀server฀into฀an฀infinite-capacity฀network attached฀storage฀(NAS)฀file฀accessible฀by฀popular฀applications฀and฀ immediately฀integrates฀into฀an฀organization’s฀existing฀archive฀and฀backup processes.

​Cloud Storage Providers

Nirvanix Storage Delivery Network (SDN)

With฀the฀ability฀to฀store฀multiple฀file฀copies฀in฀multiple฀geographic฀nodes, the฀SDN฀enables฀unparalleled฀data฀availability฀for developers,฀businesses, and฀enterprises.

The฀SDN฀intelligently฀stores,฀delivers,฀and฀processes฀storage฀requests฀in฀the best฀network฀location,฀providing฀the฀best฀user฀experience฀in฀the฀marketplace.฀​

Multiple Choice

True or False: SDN provides best user experience, intelligently฀stores,฀delivers,฀and฀processes฀storage฀requests฀in฀the best฀network฀location.

• True

• False

​End of Presentation