Unit 1

What do I do?

1. Read each slide carefully and answer all questions.

2. You may complete this multiple times​

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Unit 1: European Exploration - French and Indian War​

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• limits English Ruler (monarch)'s power

• people accused of a crime guaranteed the right to a trial jury

• common people gain more rights

Magna Carta

• no excessive bail

• people accused of a crime guaranteed the right to a trial jury

• no cruel and unusual punishment

English Bill of Rights

​The colonists believed that government must respect civil liberties, or rights. In fact, the protection of people's rights was a central idea in the English system of government. It first appeared in the Magna Carta, or Great Charter, which King John signed on June 15, 1215. This document gave English people protection against unjust treatment or punishment. For the English, even kings and queens were bound by the law.

​To set clear limits on a ruler's powers, Parliament drew up the English Bill of Rights in 1689. The Bill of Rights stated that the ruler could not suspend Parliament's laws, impose taxes, or raise an army without Parliament's consent. Members of Parliament had to be freely elected. Citizens of England had the right to a fair trial by jury in court cases. The Bill of Rights also banned cruel and unusual punishments.

Multiple Choice

The Magna Carta was the first document to limit the power of whom?

• The English Ruler

• Parliament

• The President

• The citizens

Multiple Choice

BOTH the Magna Carta and the English Bill of Rights guaranteed the right to...

• vote

• life, liberty, property

• execution

• a trial by jury

• Signed by ALL passengers on the Mayflower

• established democratic, self-government

• ​all laws made for the "good of the colony"

Mayflower Compact

​Before they went ashore, the Pilgrims signed an agreement to govern themselves. The agreement was called the Mayflower Compact. Each signer promised to obey the laws passed “for the general good of the colony." The Mayflower Compact was a key step in the development of representative, democratic government in America.

Multiple Choice

By creating the Mayflower Compact, the Mayflower passengers claimed the right to...

• overthrow the House of Burgesses

• govern themselves

• the Florida territory

• govern the local Native Americans

Multiple Choice

What promise did each puritan make by signing the Mayflower Compact

• to obey laws for the good of the colony

• to obey the King without question

• to do whatever it took to become leader

• to create a new religion

• leg of "triangular trade" route in which kidnapped Africans are brought to the Americas

• beyond terrible conditions for those transported

Transatlantic Slave-trade: The Middle Passage

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​The trip across the ocean was called the "Middle Passage." This name came from the fact that it was often the second, or middle, leg of the three-part route known as the triangular trade. People called this route "triangular" because, as the ships traveled between their destinations, their paths formed the three sides of a triangle.

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The Middle Passage was a terrible ordeal. Chained together for more than a month, prisoners could hardly sit or stand. They received little food or water. Africans who died or became sick were thrown overboard. Those who refused to eat were whipped.

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Those who survived the Middle Passage faced another terror when they reached American ports—the slave market. There they were put up for sale as laborers to plantation owners.

Multiple Choice

The "middle passage" was the leg of triangular trade in which...

• raw materials were transported to the "mother country" to be processed

• kidnapped Africans were transported to the Americas

• finished goods were transported to the colonies to be sold