WHI Module 5 Lesson 2 Part I

World History I

Module 5 Lesson 2 Part I

The Chavin, Nazca, and Moche Civilizations

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Objectives

WHI.13 The student will apply social science skills to understand the major
civilizations of the Western Hemisphere, including the Mayan, Aztec, and Incan, by

WHI.13a locating early civilizations in time and place and describing major
geographic features;

WHI.13b explaining the development of social, political, economic, religious,
and cultural patterns in the civilizations of the Americas; and

WHI.13c evaluating and explaining the European interactions with these
societies, with emphasis on trading and economic interdependence.

Agenda

Use Quizizz to learn about different civilizations of South America

Practice what we learn with a Quizizz, Baamboozle, or Gimkit.

Draw

Circle where you think people settled in Peru.

Early Civilizations of South America

●The earliest civilizations are along the desert coast of Peru.

●This happened between 3750 and 1800 BCE.

●They were fishing communities.

●Many resources were able to used from the ocean.

●This allowed more time to be spent building monuments,

temples, and ceremonial centers.

More basic information

Ceremonial centers were led by village
leaders

One early center has been uncovered and
was built around 2600 BCE

This center was at Aspero.

It was built on several earth mounds

Those mounds were topped with ceremonial
structures

They were probably used by pre-Chavin
people for religious reasons

"Chavin" by navarrohouston is marked with Public Domain Mark 1.0.

Agriculture of the Andean People

They cultivated squash, cotton, and gourds.

Farming was not the primary source of food production.

Hunting and gathering was important early. Then they began to produce
potatoes or quinoa.

They also herded alpacas and llamas.

Irrigation would improve agricultural output. They diverted water from
rivers flowing down from the Andes.

Fishing was also important. They traded salt, seaweed, and dried fish for
root crops from the highlands.

They also traded pottery during this era.

"Stirrup-spouted vessel Peru Chavin culture
900-300 BCE Earthenware" by mharrsch is
licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 2.0.

Pre-Chavin People

Built large u-shaped ceremonial centers

This required the control of laborers, food, and raw materials

These sites were probably the centers for local chiefdoms

Burial sites do not indicate that there were differences between wealth or social
rank.

Draw

On this map, circle the Chavin civilization and its capital.

The Chavin People

In 900 BCE, the ceremonial center at Chavin de Huántar was
built

There was a major temple with carved stone sculptures

There are also many large, unshaped flat stones with similar
engravings that have been excavated from different sites
along the coast

They resemble carvings from the Andean highlands

The style of carvings change. This may indicate the Chavin
religion changed over time.

"Chavin de Huantar" by Martin Germann is licensed

under CC BY-NC 2.0.

Height of the Chavins

At their height in the 4th century BCE, Chavin de
Huántar had a population between 2,000 and 3,000
people.

It declined after this.

They are not considered to be a complex civilization.

There is the possibility that they had a planned city and a
common culture.

We know little of their religion or language.

Their artistic influence can be seen in pre-Incan and
Incan civilization.

"El Lanzón Monolítico" by julio martinich is licensed under CC

BY-NC-ND 2.0.

Chavin Deity

Chavin Sculpture

​​Chavin Etchings

Draw

What would you have sculpted if you had been a Chavin artisan?

Multiple Choice

• Chavin de Huantar

• Wayna Picchu

• Sacsayhuaman

The Nazca People

Lived between 500 BCE and 500 CE

They lived in the southern part of Peru

They created geoglyphs

"File:Líneas de Nazca, Nazca, Perú, 2015-07-29, DD 46.JPG"

by Diego Delso is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0.

The Nazca People

Not a unified empire

They were a series of cities that cooperated out of
mutual interests

At its height, there were 25,000 people living in the
towns and villages

They cared for their dead–mummification of
leaders

Ventilla and Cahuachi, temple mounds exist that
show an organized and systematic religious belief
system

"Stone fences and house - Cercos de piedras y una casa; cerca de

Ventilla, Departamento de Orura, Bolivia" by Lon&Queta is licensed under

CC BY-NC-SA 2.0.

The Nazca

"Cahuachi" by 10b travelling / Carsten ten Brink is licensed under CC
BY-NC-ND 2.0.

"P1030328 Pérou, Nazca, Museo didactico Antonini, crânes déformés de la culture nazca trouvés sur le site

de Cahuachi" by Marie Thérèse Hébert & Jean Robert Thibault is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0.

The Bird

The Spider

The Shell

Open Ended

Why do you think the Nazca created these geoglyphs?

Multiple Choice

Nazca lines are drawing in the...

• Sea

• Desert

• Air

• Ice

The Moche

This civilization will live in the northern part of Peru along
the coast

They were at their height between 100 and 700 CE

They improved farming, built roads, and used a system of
message runners to carry information between their
different locations

They used adobe to build their homes

They built the largest adobe-based structures in the
Americas

They made things in ceramics, gold, woodcarving, and
textiles

"Kneeling Warrior Peru north coast Moche culture 400 BCE-550
CE Earthenware" by mharrsch is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA
2.0.

Here is an example of Moche architecture.

What do you think of the colors?

​

​Moche Architecture

Multiple Choice

The MOST wealthy of the early civilizations?  Gold, Silver,........

• Moche

• Nazca

• Chavin

• Huantar

Reminders for Today

Do not forget that you 5.02 Discussion Board is due
today

Your 5.02 Assessment will be due tomorrow.

Watch out for those late penalties.

Keep up the great work.