CPD Demonstration 1 Computer hardware

COMPUTER HARDWARE (Internal & External)
Unit 1 Information Technology Systems

Lecturer Jerry Jackson Bent

Recap from previous lesson

In the previous lesson we covered:
▰ course content and assessment criteria
▰ Types of computer systems and examples: Personal

computers, mainframes, supercomputers and handheld
devices.

▰ Definitions of hardware and software

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Test your Knowledge

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LESSON OBJECTIVES

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▰ Identify Computer Components

▰ Explain their functions

▰ How internal and external hardware

components communicate

What is hardware?

▰ Hardware is the physical components of

the computer

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HARDWARE IN PERSONAL COMPUTERS

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EXTERNAL HARDWARE DEVICES

DEVICES THAT YOU CAN SEE WITHOUT THE NEED TO OPEN UP THE PERSONAL
COMPUTER

FUNCTION

A computer monitor is an output device that displays the information
stored in a computer hard drive, BIOS chip or on an external storage

device.

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Monitor

FUNCTION

A Keyboard is an input device used to transmit information in text, numbers

and special characters into a computer software.

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Keyboard

FUNCTION

A computer mouse is a hand-held pointing device that is used to interact

with software programmes on a computer.

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Mouse

FUNCTION

This is an output devices that gives out sound generated from within a

personal computer sytem.

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External Sound Speakers

FUNCTION

A printer is an output devices that gives out a physical copy of a piece of

digital information from personal computer system.

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Printer

FUNCTION

A scanner is a device used to convert physical copy (hardcopy) information
into digital format into a personal computer system. These days cameras

are used to scan documents as well.

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Scanner

FUNCTION

A digital camera or webcam is used to take pictures or videos of physical
surroundings or computer user. It converts the physical information into

digital format to be stored on a computer system.

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Digital Camera/Webcam

INTERNAL HARDWARE COMPONENTS

DEVICES THAT ARE INSIDE THE PERSONAL COMPUTER

Motherboard

FUNCTION

The motherboard is the central circuit board of a computer on which

other parts are installed such as the CPU, RAM, hard disks, VGA

cards, etc.

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CPU

FUNCTION

The Central Processing Unit also known as the processor is
referred to as the brain of the computer which processes

data/information in a computer.

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RAM

FUNCTION

The Random Access Memory also known as the Memory is a
temporary storage location where data/information is stored

temporarily before it is sent to the processor.

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FUNCTION

The Hard Disk Drive also known as the Hard Drive is a permanent
storage device where data/information is stored permanently in a

computer.

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HDD

FUNCTION

The Power Supply Unit converts mains AC to low-voltage DC power for
the internal components of a computer. This is the unit that supplies

electricity to the motherboard or computer.

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PSU

FUNCTION

A video graphics card is installed on a motherboard expansion slot such as
Advance Graphics Port (AGP) or Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI)

to display graphics/Information on a monitor screen.

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Graphics Card

Power supply provides

Electricity to the motherboard &

other components

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Communication between components

The BIOS chip on the motherboard checks the

various components to be sure they are ok.

After this is done, it hands over boot up

operations to the motherboard

The Hard drive contains

boot up information

Which it uses to start up

the operating system

(OS) Graphic User

Interface (GUI)

Information from the hard drive is
loaded on the memory to be sent

to the CPU for processing

Information from the memory is
sent to the CPU to be processed

GUI / Information stored on the
computer hard drive is displayed

on the monitor

Class Activity

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Recap

In today’s lesson, we have been able to :

▰ Identify various internal hardware components of a personal computer

such as: CPU, RAM, Motherboard, PSU,GPU and HDD.

▰ Identify various external hardware components of a personal computer

such as: Monitor, Mouse, Keyboard, Printer, Sound speakers, Web
camera etc.

▰ Functions of internal and external hardware components of a PC.

▰ How internal and external hardware components communicate

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Next Lesson

We will be looking in more details at:
Internal Hardware Motherboard